Table 1 Summary of characteristics of studies in the current meta-analysis.
Author (year) | Diagnosis (Criteria) | Design (Blinding) | Comparison | Session | N | Duration (weeks) | Outcome | IQ | Stimulant (%) | Age (range) (years) | Female (%) | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barth (2021) | ADHD (DSM-IV) | RCT (No) | NF: SCP | 30 | 26 | 26.64 FU: 6 M | ADHS-SB: Attention, global, hyperactivity and impulsivity | 108.32 | 23.1 | 33.63 (18–56) | 60.9 | Germany |
EMG-biofeedback | 20 | 25 | ||||||||||
Schönenberg (2017) | ADHD (DSM-IV-TR) | RCT (Yes) | NF: TB | 30 | 37 | 15 FU: 6 M | CAARS-self-rating: Attention, total, hyperactivity and impulsivity | N/A | 16 | 37.8 (18–60) | 44 | Germany |
Sham | 38 | 11 | ||||||||||
Duric (2017) | Hyperkinetic disorder (ICD-10) | RCT (No) | NF: TB (theta/SMR) | 30 | 30 | 12 FU: 6 M | Barkley’s Defiant Children-self-repot: Attention, total, hyperactivity | 87.98 | 0 | 11.15 (6–18) | 19.67 | Norway |
MPH | 31 | 100 | ||||||||||
Bink (2016) | ADHD (DSM-IV-TR) | RCT (No) | NF: TB (theta/SMR) | 37 | 45 | 25 FU: 1 year | 1.ADHD rating- self-report: Inattention, H/I 2.Youth self-report: total | 100.66 | 44 | 16.14 (12–24) | 0 | Netherlands |
TAU | 26 | 62 | ||||||||||
Steiner (2011) | ADHD (By physician) | RCT (No) | NF: TB | 23.4 | 9 | 16 FU: N/A | CRS-R self-report: inattention, ADHD index, hyperactivity | N/A | 60 | 12.4 (11–14) | 47.8 | US |
Waiting list | 15 |
