Figure 3

(A) PCA based on 16 plumage traits (Table 1) and assessed across 301 contemporary and 55 historical mallards, Mexican ducks, and hybrids. Scatter plots of Plumage Score (PS) values assigned across the same sample set, but specific to (B) immature females, (C) adult females, (D) immature males, and (E) adult males are provided. For each sex-age cohort, we demarcate specific PS ranges for Mexican ducks (0–4), hybrids (variable), and mallards (variable).