Figure 7
Different liposome formulations vary the level of pro-inflammatory cytokine release from macrophages. THP-1 monocytes were differentiated into macrophages with the addition of 100 nM VD3 and incubated at 37 °C for 48 h. 1 ml of liposomes at 20 μg/ml were added to 1 ml of macrophages at 2 × 106/ml and incubated for a further 24 h. Samples were centrifuged at 300×g for 5 min to pellet the cells. The supernatant was then used in ELISA assays to obtain levels of TNF-α (a,d), IL-8 (b,e), IL-1β (c,f). IL-12 and IL-10 results not shown as produced negative concentrations. Negative control = macrophages alone. Results shown for n = 3 (mean ± SEM) with One-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test, *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.005, ***P ≤ 0.0005, ****P ≤ 0.0001.
