Table 3 Results of logistic regression analyses on incidence of neck and shoulder pain (NSP) in relation to independent variables in models. Variables at measurement point T0 or T1 predicting NSP incidence at next follow-up period (T0–T1 or T1–T2).
From: Physical activity, screen time and the incidence of neck and shoulder pain in school-aged children
NSP incidence T0–T1 | 95%CI | p value | NSP incidence T1–T2 | 95%CI | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b (se) | OR | b (se) | OR | |||||
MVPA | ||||||||
MVPA | − 1.05 (0.81) | 0.91 | 0.79–1.05 | 0.195 | 0.98 (0.92) | 1.08 | 0.94–1.25 | 0.283 |
MVPA × gender | 0.01 (0.22) | 1.00 | 0.97–1.03 | 0.947 | − 0.08 (0.16) | 1.00 | 0.98–1.01 | 0.604 |
MVPA × age | 1.01 (0.75) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 0.174 | − 0.90 (0.86) | 0.99 | 0.98–1.01 | 0.295 |
Bedtime (23.00 or later) | 0.13 (0.05) | 4.39 | 1.75–11.04 | 0.005 | 0.09 (0.05) | 1.89 | 0.88–4.08 | 0.102 |
Gender* | 0.13 (0.24) | 1.66 | 0.29–9.54 | 0.569 | 0.19 (0.18) | 2.02 | 0.53–7.74 | 0.300 |
BMI | 0.00 (0.07) | 1.00 | 0.92–1.08 | 0.968 | − 0.06 (0.07) | 0.96 | 0.89–1.04 | 0.344 |
Age | − 0.12 (0.21) | 0.83 | 0.44–1.57 | 0.564 | 0.33 (0.21) | 1.67 | 0.89–3.11 | 0.106 |
Injury | 0.01 (0.04) | 1.14 | 0.47–2.75 | 0.772 | 0.13 (0.05) | 3.38 | 1.35–8.44 | 0.008 |
ST10min | ||||||||
ST10min | 1.02 (0.77) | 5.11 | 0.43–60.20 | 0.187 | − 0.26 (0.84) | 0.68 | 0.05–8.50 | 0.762 |
ST10min × gender | − 0.07 (0.26) | 0.94 | 0.57–1.54 | 0.791 | − 0.25 (0.29) | 0.81 | 0.50–1.31 | 0.392 |
ST10min × age | − 1.00 (0.81) | 0.89 | 0.74–1.07 | 0.219 | 0.36 (1.01) | 1.04 | 0.85–1.28 | 0.721 |
Bedtime (23.00 or later) | 0.12 (0.05) | 3.73 | 1.53–9.08 | 0.009 | 0.07 (0.05) | 1.69 | 0.84–3.42 | 0.140 |
Gender* | 0.22 (0.26) | 2.28 | 0.31–16.60 | 0.412 | 0.33 (0.27) | 3.40 | 0.45–25.51 | 0.228 |
BMI | 0.01 (0.07) | 1.00 | 0.93–1.09 | 0.928 | − 0.09 (0.07) | 0.95 | 0.87–1.03 | 0.232 |
Age | 0.34 (0.21) | 1.72 | 0.88–3.36 | 0.106 | 0.06 (0.29) | 1.09 | 0.46–2.59 | 0.841 |
Injury | 0.02 (0.04) | 1.21 | 0.49–3.01 | 0.678 | 0.12 (0.05) | 2.94 | 1.19–7.30 | 0.018 |
Screen Time | ||||||||
Screen Time | 1.88 (0.81) | 3.79 | 1.37–10.47 | 0.020 | − 0.75 (0.69) | 0.61 | 0.26–1.47 | 0.272 |
Screen Time × gender | − 0.07 (0.10) | 0.94 | 0.79–1.12 | 0.502 | 0.06 (0.11) | 1.04 | 0.90–1.20 | 0.605 |
Screen Time × age | − 1.85 (0.83) | 0.90 | 0.83–0.98 | 0.027 | 0.76 (0.66) | 1.04 | 0.97–1.11 | 0.254 |
Bedtime (23.00 or later) | 0.09 (0.04) | 2.80 | 1.27–6.20 | 0.018 | 0.08 (0.05) | 1.74 | 0.86–3.53 | 0.124 |
Gender* | 0.24 (0.12) | 2.51 | 0.98–6.43 | 0.050 | 0.06 (0.12) | 1.26 | 0.51–3.10 | 0.614 |
BMI | 0.00 (0.06) | 1.00 | 0.93–1.08 | 0.945 | − 0.07 (0.07) | 0.96 | 0.88–1.04 | 0.303 |
Age | 0.36 (0.11) | 1.78 | 1.26–2.53 | 0.001 | 0.03 (0.11) | 1.04 | 0.75–1.46 | 0.809 |
Injury | 0.02 (0.04) | 1.33 | 0.54–3.26 | 0.539 | 0.12 (0.05) | 2.95 | 1.21–7.18 | 0.016 |
TV | ||||||||
TV | 0.87 (0.58) | 4.45 | 0.68–29.04 | 0.132 | − 0.86 (0.72) | 0.28 | 0.03–2.32 | 0.233 |
TV × gender | − 0.09 (0.11) | 0.85 | 0.57–1.27 | 0.424 | 0.09 (0.12) | 1.14 | 0.81–1.61 | 0.451 |
TV × age | − 0.84 (0.59) | 0.89 | 0.77–1.04 | 0.157 | 0.77 (0.69) | 1.09 | 0.93–1.28 | 0.264 |
Bedtime (23.00 or later) | 0.11 (0.04) | 3.34 | 1.44–7.73 | 0.010 | 0.08 (0.05) | 1.81 | 0.87–3.78 | 0.110 |
Gender* | 0.23 (0.12) | 2.41 | 0.95–6.12 | 0.059 | 0.04 (0.12) | 1.16 | 0.47–2.81 | 0.750 |
BMI | 0.01 (0.07) | 1.00 | 0.93–1.09 | 0.925 | − 0.07 (0.07) | 0.96 | 0.88–1.04 | 0.349 |
Age | 0.26 (0.10) | 1.51 | 1.08–2.09 | 0.013 | 0.03 (0.12) | 1.04 | 0.73–1.49 | 0.812 |
Injury | 0.01 (0.04) | 1.19 | 0.50–2.82 | 0.698 | 0.13 (0.05) | 3.15 | 1.28–7.72 | 0.012 |
Games | ||||||||
Games | 2.75 (1.31) | 5.79 | 1.08–30.99 | 0.036 | − 0.68 (0.56) | 0.37 | 0.08–1.84 | 0.226 |
Games × gender | − 0.18 (0.22) | 0.94 | 0.79–1.10 | 0.419 | − 0.15 (0.08) | 0.67 | 0.45–1.00 | 0.050 |
Games × age | − 0.20 (0.10) | 0.19 | 0.04–1.00 | 0.046 | 0.69 (0.53) | 1.08 | 0.96–1.22 | 0.191 |
Bedtime (23.00 or later) | 1.06 (0.39) | 1.10 | 1.02–1.18 | 0.007 | 0.08 (0.05) | 1.76 | 0.88–3.51 | 0.110 |
Gender* | 0.92 (0.40) | 1.27 | 1.04–1.55 | 0.021 | 0.18 (0.10) | 1.94 | 0.90–4.16 | 0.085 |
BMI | 0.00 (0.04) | 1.01 | 0.89–1.13 | 0.930 | − 0.08 (0.07) | 0.95 | 0.88–1.03 | 0.249 |
Age | 0.44 (0.16) | 1.31 | 1.09–1.59 | 0.006 | 0.07 (0.07) | 1.12 | 0.91–1.38 | 0.291 |
Injury | 0.22 (0.45) | 1.02 | 0.95–1.09 | 0.627 | 0.12 (0.05) | 2.94 | 1.17–7.39 | 0.020 |
Social media | ||||||||
Social media | 1.71 (0.75) | 17.71 | 1.62–193.1 | 0.023 | 0.34 (0.70) | 1.53 | 0.27–8.57 | 0.630 |
Social media × gender | 0.00 (0.09) | 0.99 | 0.69–1.43 | 0.973 | 0.08 (0.10) | 1.11 | 0.86–1.44 | 0.435 |
Social media × age | − 1.66 (0.75) | 0.81 | 0.67–0.97 | 0.027 | − 0.29 (0.69) | 0.97 | 0.85–1.11 | 0.675 |
Bedtime (23.00 or later) | 0.09 (0.04) | 2.81 | 1.34–5.91 | 0.012 | 0.06 (0.05) | 1.57 | 0.74–3.32 | 0.237 |
Gender* | 0.17 (0.09) | 1.88 | 0.94–3.73 | 0.067 | 0.04 (0.09) | 1.17 | 0.61–2.24 | 0.632 |
BMI | 0.00 (0.07) | 1.00 | 0.92–1.08 | 0.978 | − 0.09 (0.08) | 0.95 | 0.87–1.04 | 0.248 |
Age | 0.23 (0.07) | 1.44 | 1.15–1.80 | 0.001 | 0.12 (0.09) | 1.21 | 0.93–1.56 | 0.149 |
Injury | 0.03 (0.04) | 1.37 | 0.56–3.34 | 0.493 | 0.12 (0.05) | 2.90 | 1.16–7.23 | 0.020 |
