Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Multi-objective optimization can balance trade-offs among boreal caribou, biodiversity, and climate change objectives when conservation hotspots do not overlap

Figure 3

There are opportunities to expand the protected areas network in a way that enhances protection of boreal caribou habitat and areas of high value for other species at risk, climate refugia, and soil carbon stores. (a) The conservation value of the priority areas identified using the multi-objective optimization approach was ≥ 0.67 of the best, single-objective outcome for each conservation objective when prioritizing to add 19.5% of terrestrial and inland waters in the Expand Protection scenario. (b) Priority areas identified using the multi-objective optimization approach spanned the north–south and east–west extents of the boreal caribou distribution, with the largest priority areas in northern Ontario and southern Quebec.

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