Figure 5

Heatmap plots of the amount of percent total electric charge delivered across each segment that resulted in best bladder storage outcomes (A) and bladder voiding (B) for each individual (x-axis) and the areas of the spinal cord that were directly targeted by the stimulation (y-axis) as well as the corresponding map configurations (black—cathodes; red—anodes) and stimulation parameters; (C) Example of MRI-based 3D model of the spinal cord at lumbosacral enlargement and location of scES paddle electrode with respect to the spinal cord levels. Distribution of electric current density is highlighted with heatmap. Simulations are performed using Sim4Life platform. BC bladder compliance, BV bladder voiding, L lumbar, S sacral, scES spinal cord epidural stimulation, T thoracic.