Table 1 Children’s cognitive ability and performance in rhythmic and melodic discrimination, reading, and speech-related tasks.
From: Rhythm but not melody processing helps reading via phonological awareness and phonological memory
Task | Mean (SD) | Range | Skewness | Kurtosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
RCPM (standard scores) | 110.08 (16.25) | 84.74–135.62 | 0.12 | −1.41 |
Rhythm Discrimination (proportion of correct responses) | .62 (.14) | .35–1.00 | 0.51 | 0.12 |
Rhythm Discrimination (d’ scores) | 0.71 (0.84) | −0.78–3.29 | −0.80 | 0.73 |
Melodic Discrimination (proportion of correct responses) | .60 (.10) | .35–.80 | −0.28 | −0.00 |
Melodic Discrimination (d’ scores) | 0.63 (0.63) | −1.03–1.90 | −0.32 | −0.20 |
Words Correct per Minute Index | 26.50 (26.69) | 0–91.79 | 0.97 | −0.29 |
High-frequency Word Reading (items/min) | 17.74 (17.68) | 0–73.80 | 1.17 | 0.68 |
Low-frequency Word Reading (items/min) | 13.69 (12.37) | 0–49.80 | 1.04 | 0.43 |
Pseudoword Reading (items/min) | 15.96 (13.07) | 0–52.20 | 0.59 | −0.60 |
Working Memory Syllables Forward (recalled sequences, max = 13) | 2.49 (1.20) | 0–5 | 0.34 | −0.33 |
Working Memory Syllables Backward (recalled sequences, max = 13) | 1.48 (0.80) | 0–3 | 0.24 | −0,38 |
Epilinguistic Phonological Awareness (correct items, max = 40) | 28.18 (5.80) | 17–38 | −0.09 | −1.11 |
Metalinguistic Phonological Awareness (correct items, max = 24) | 10.84 (5.80) | 0–24 | 0.43 | −0.52 |
