Table 2 Odds ratios and 95% CI for baseline factors by Hepatitis B surface antigen status.

From: Conventional and genetic risk factors for chronic Hepatitis B virus infection in a community-based study of 0.5 million Chinese adults

 

N cases

Model 1a

Model 2b

OR (95% CI)

P-valuec

OR (95% CI)

P-valuec

Age, years

 ≥ 60

2611

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

 < 0.001

50–59

4587

1.44 (1.37–1.51)

 

1.14 (1.05–1.24)

 

40–49

5390

1.80 (1.71–1.88)

 

1.33 (1.20–1.47)

 

 < 40

2964

2.03 (1.93–2.15)

 

1.48 (1.32–1.66)

 

Gender

Men vs. women

7176

1.28 (1.24–1.32)

 < 0.001

1.40 (1.34–1.46)

 < 0.001

Study area

Urban vs. rural

7962

1.35 (1.31–1.40)

 < 0.001

1.55 (1.47–1.62)

 < 0.001

Birth cohort

 < 1940

1146

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

 < 0.001

1940–49

2573

1.15 (1.02–1.30)

 

1.28 (1.18–1.39)

 

1950–59

5175

1.32 (1.13–1.54)

 

1.64 (1.48–1.83)

 

1960 onward

6658

1.37 (1.15–1.65)

 

1.75 (1.55–1.98)

 

Education

High school or above

3373

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

 < 0.001

Primary or middle school

9746

1.16 (1.11–1.21)

 

1.08 (1.03–1.13)

 

No formal education

2433

1.25 (1.17–1.34)

 

1.15 (1.07–1.23)

 

Occupation

Agricultural

5738

Ref

 

Ref

 

Factory worker

2954

1.01 (0.95–1.07)

 

1.07 (1.00–1.14)

 

Administrative or professional

1704

0.83 (0.78–0.89)

 

0.94 (0.87–1.00)

 

Retired

2239

0.99 (0.92–1.06)

 

1.07 (1.00–1.16)

 

Otherd

2917

0.99 (0.94–1.05)

 

1.02 (0.96–1.08)

 

Household income, Yuan

 < 10,000

3725

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

 < 0.01

10,000–19,999

4603

0.94 (0.90–0.99)

 

0.97 (0.92–1.02)

 

 ≥ 20,000

7224

0.86 (0.82–0.90)

 

0.93 (0.88–0.98)

 

Household size

 ≤ 2 people

2569

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

0.10

3 people

4735

0.98 (0.93–1.03)

 

1.01 (0.96–1.07)

 

 ≥ 4 people

8248

1.01 (0.96–1.06)

 

1.04 (0.99–1.10)

 

Household fridge, years

No fridge

6715

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

 < 0.001

1–9

3786

0.94 (0.90–0.98)

 

0.97 (0.93–1.02)

 

10–19

3655

0.85 (0.81–0.90)

 

0.91 (0.86–0.96)

 

 ≥ 20

1396

0.79 (0.74–0.85)

 

0.87 (0.81–0.93)

 

Current smokere

Yes vs. no

5552

1.02 (0.97–1.07)

0.47

1.02 (0.97–1.07)

0.43

Alcohol intakef

Abstainer

7192

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

 < 0.001

Occasional intake

4709

0.84 (0.81–0.88)

 

0.87 (0.83–0.91)

 

Ever-regular intake

3651

0.86 (0.81–0.90)

 

0.89 (0.84–0.93)

 

Physical activity tertile

Bottom tertile

4910

Ref

0.93

Ref

0.80

Middle tertile

5057

0.95 (0.92–1.00)

 

1.00 (0.95–1.05)

 

Top tertile

5585

0.98 (0.94–1.02)

 

0.99 (0.94–1.05)

 

Regular fruit intakeg

Yes vs. no

4284

0.96 (0.93–1.00)

0.08

1.03 (0.99–1.07)

0.15

BMI groups, kg/m2

Underweight [< 18.50]

718

1.16 (1.07–1.25)

 < 0.001

1.11 (1.03–1.20)

 < 0.001

Normal [18.5– < 25]

9963

Ref

 

Ref

 

Overweight [≥ 25– < 30]

4258

0.91 (0.88–0.95)

 

0.92 (0.89–0.95)

 

Obese [≥ 30]

613

0.98 (0.90–1.07)

 

0.97 (0.89–1.06)

 

Blood transfusion

Yes vs. no

759

1.12 (1.04–1.21)

 < 0.01

1.11 (1.03–1.19)

 < 0.01

Self-rated health

Good

6760

Ref

 < 0.001

Ref

 < 0.001

Fair

7079

1.14 (1.10–1.18)

 

1.12 (1.09–1.16)

 

Poor

1713

1.35 (1.27–1.42)

 

1.29 (1.22–1.37)

 
  1. BMI, body mass index; MET, metabolic equivalent of task; NS, not significant.
  2. aAdjusted for age in 5-year categories, sex and study site (ten sites) where possible, bAdjusted for age in 5-year categories, sex and study site (ten sites), birth cohort, education, occupation, household income, number of years with a household fridge, alcohol intake, history of blood transfusion, body mass index and self-rated health where possible, cptrend presented for ordered categorical variables, dOther occupation includes house-wife/husband, self-employed, unemployed, other or not-stated, eSmoking: Current smoker includes those reporting occasional or current smoking. fAlcohol: ever-regular includes participants reporting monthly, reduced intake, weekly or ex-regular alcohol intake. gRegular fruit intake includes participants report intake 4 or more times per week.
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