Table 5 Comparison of the heavy metal contents of paper incineration ash following treatment using various removal methods.

From: Heavy metal removal using an advanced removal method to obtain recyclable paper incineration ash

Heavy metal

Unit

Original sample

Removal methods

Existing methods

Advanced methods

EDTA

OA

MS modea

S1 modeb

S2 modec

Pb

mg/kg

944.70 ± 40.62

750.02 ± 28.50

820.01 ± 38.54

480.03 ± 22.61

534.60 ± 28.76

516.96 ± 14.27

Cu

902.40 ± 37.90

790.10 ± 27.65

706.09 ± 31.77

620.01 ± 9.92

670.00 ± 18.83

648.40 ± 28.66

As

6.72 ± 0.26

6.32 ± 0.20

5.40 ± 0.29

4.81 ± 0.15

5.38 ± 0.12

4.92 ± 0.21

Hg

0.10 ± 0.01

0.09 ± 0.01

0.09 ± 0.01

0.09 ± 0.01

0.09 ± 0.01

0.08 ± 0.01

Cd

17.48 ± 0.68

16.10 ± 0.66

15.90 ± 0.73

15.40 ± 0.47

15.62 ± 0.33

15.50 ± 0.67

Cr6+

NDd

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

  1. aUse of EDTA and OA simultaneously.
  2. bFirst step: EDTA; second step: oxalic acid.
  3. cFirst step: oxalic acid; second step: EDTA.
  4. dNot detected.