Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: A PCR-lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (PCR-LFA) for detecting Aristolochia species, the plants responsible for aristolochic acid nephropathy

Figure 4

Principle of PCR-LFA to detect Aristolochia spp. (A) The following four elements of the LFA strip were used: loading zone, conjugate pad, detection zone and adsorbent pad with immobilized antibodies (anti-FAM, anti-DIG and anti-IgG) and adsorbent pad. (B) Aristolochia-LFA positive result, dual labeling of the internal control amplicon and the Aristolochia-specific amplicons bound to the antibiotin-gold nanoparticle conjugates at the conjugate pad and migrated through the detection zone. The complexes containing FAM and DIG were trapped by their specific antibodies at the detection zone, creating coloration at both the T1 and T2 lines. Unbound was captured by anti-IgG at the C line, (C) Aristolochia-LFA negative result, the dual labeling of internal control amplicon was migrated along the detection zone and pink color were observed at T1 and C lines but not T2 line.

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