Table 1 The photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), average lifetime, 1/e lifetime, radiative (kr) and non-radiative (knr) rates of N-CQDs.
Sample | PLQY (%) | Average lifetime (ns) | \({\tau }_{1/e}\) (ns) | Radiative kr (s−1) | Non-radiative knr (s−1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
g-CQDs | 0.7 \(\pm\) 0.07 | 4.7 \(\pm\) 0.5 | 2.59 | 2.7 × 106 | 3.8 × 108 |
N-0.25 | 6.4 \(\pm\) 0.6 | 4.8 \(\pm\) 0.5 | 2.59 | 2.5 × 107 | 3.6 × 108 |
N-0.5 | 6.6 \(\pm\) 0.7 | 5.4 \(\pm\) 0.5 | 2.98 | 2.2 × 107 | 3.1 × 108 |
N-0.75 | 6.6 \(\pm\) 0.7 | 5.7 \(\pm\) 0.6 | 3.03 | 2.2 × 107 | 3.1 × 108 |
N-1 | 6.4 \(\pm\) 0.6 | 6.3 \(\pm\) 0.6 | 3.27 | 2.0 × 107 | 2.9 × 108 |
N-2.5 | 6.7 \(\pm\) 0.7 | 6.6 \(\pm\) 0.7 | 3.52 | 1.9 × 107 | 2.6 × 108 |
N-5 | 7.4 \(\pm\) 0.7 | 6.7 \(\pm\) 0.7 | 3.81 | 1.9 × 107 | 2.4 × 108 |
N-7.5 | 9.3 \(\pm\) 0.9 | 6.7 \(\pm\) 0.7 | 3.81 | 2.4 × 107 | 2.4 × 108 |
N-10 | 9.6 \(\pm\) 0.9 | 6.5 \(\pm\) 0.7 | 4.69 | 2.0 × 107 | 1.9 × 108 |
