Table 1 Summary of the existing literature.

^2,3,5,6,7,8

Traditional LSB based

Easy implementation

Security, payload capacity, visual quality of stego image and recovered image

^{9,10,11,12,13}

Transform domain based

Better security and payload capacity than traditional LSB

Visual quality of stego and reconstructed images

^{14,15,16,17,18}

Machine learning based

Better visual quality of stego and reconstructed images

High complexity, payload capacity can be improved

^19,20

Support vector machine based

Better security

Not suitable for large dataset

^{23,24,25,26,27,28,29}

CNN based

High payload capacity, reconstruction quality

Computational cost, security from deep learning based steganalysis

^30,31,32,33

GAN based

High visual quality stego and reconstructed images, low computation cost

Security from deep learning based steganalysis