Table 1 Demographic data, clinical data, and ICU course.

From: Ability of IMPROVE and IMPROVE-DD scores to predict outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19: a prospective observational study

 

All (n = 89)

Survived (n = 51)

Died (n = 38)

Age (years), median (Q1, Q3)

66 (54, 72)

59 (50, 68)

70 (63, 74)

Male sex, n (%)

40 (45%)

25 (49%)

15 (40%)

BMI (kg), median (Q1, Q3)

28 (25, 31)

27 (25, 29)

29 (26, 32)

Heart rate (bpm), mean ± SD

96 ± 19

93 ± 17

100 ± 20

MAP (mmHg), mean ± SD

88 ± 15

88 ± 14

88 ± 16

RR (breath per minute), median (Q1, Q3)

25 (22, 32)

24 (20, 32)

28 (22, 34)

Temperature (°C), median (Q1, Q3)

37.5 (37.0, 38.2)

37.5 (37.0, 38.0)

38.0 (37.0, 38.5)

SpO2 (%), median (Q1, Q3)

84 (72, 89)

87 (80, 90)

76 (68, 85)

Symptoms to admission (days), median (Q1, Q3)

7.0 (4.5, 9.5)

7 (4, 10)

7 (5, 9)

APACHE II, median (Q1, Q3)

10 (6, 13)

8 (6, 11)

11 (9,15)

Charlson comorbidity index, median (Q1, Q3)

1 (0, 3)

1 (0, 2)

3 (1, 4)

IMPROVE score, median (Q1, Q3)

2 (1, 3)

2 (1, 2)

3 (3, 5)

IMPROVE-DD, median (Q1, Q3)

4 (2, 5)

2 (1, 3)

5 (5, 7)

D-dimer (μg/mL), median (Q1, Q3)

1.8 (0.6, 4.1)

0.7 (0.4, 1.8)

4.7 (2.2, 7.5)

CRP (mg/dL), median (Q1, Q3)

69 (28, 124)

56 (21, 100)

95 (46, 146)

Hemoglobin (gm/dL), median (Q1, Q3)

12 (10, 13)

12 (10, 13)

12 (9, 14)

White blood count (*1012/L), median (Q1, Q3)

9.2 (5.6, 14.6)

7.3 (4.8, 12)

9.9 (5.0, 15.2)

Platelets count (*103/μL), median (Q1, Q3)

196 (150, 280)

235 (152, 303)

185 (135, 248)

INR, median (Q1, Q3)

1.1 (1.0, 1.2)

1.1 (1.0, 1.2)

1.1 (1.0, 1.3)

Anticoagulation, n (%)

87 (98%)

49 (96)

38 (100%)

Venous thromboembolism, n (%)

7 (8%)

0 (0%)

7 (18%)

Major bleeding, n (%)

12 (14%)

5 (10%)

7 (18%)

Vasopressors, n (%)

41 (46%)

3 (6%)

38 (100%)

Sepsis, n (%)

24 (27%)

2 (4%)

22 (58%)

Renal replacement therapy, n (%)

17 (19%)

5 (10%)

12 (32%)

Clinical worsening, n (%)

56 (65%)

18 (35%)

38 (100%)

Days to worsening, n (%)

2 (1, 4)

3 (1, 3)

2 (1, 4)

Other complications, n (%)

19 (21%)

5 (10%)

14 (37%)

ICU stay (days), n (%)

10 (8, 16)

10 (8, 15)

11 (7, 17)

  1. APACHE II acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, CRP C-reactive protein, DD D-dimer, ICU intensive care unit, IMPROVE international medical prevention registry on venous thromboembolism, INR international normalized ratio, MAP mean arterial pressure, RR respiratory rate, SD standard deviation, SpO2 peripheral oxygen saturation, Q quartiles.
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