Table 3 Summary of studies reported in the literature utilizing laser technologies to fabricate and improve electrode performance in neural interfacing applications.
Publication | Findings |
|---|---|
Reported on the use of laser cutting and laser patterning for fabrication of platinum electrodes | |
Schuettler134 | Reported on the use of laser surface melting with ~ 4.5 times increase in the surface area of their electrodes |
Found that the surface achieved by melt processing, imparted from the relatively long pulse duration required for roughening, increased surface bound oxides of Pt, preventing the full electrode area from being utilized for charge transfer | |
Stover et al.138 | Investigated the feasibility and the potential use of femtosecond lasers to create defined channels into a conventional cochlear implant electrode array to allow for fluid-based drug delivery |
Dodds et al.28 | Reported on the use of laser patterning to fabricate microelectrode arrays for a stimulating retinal prosthesis with improved surface area and electrochemical activity |
Henle et al.73 | Reported on the first long term in-vivo study of implanted micro-ECoG electrodes manufactured and roughened by laser technology |
Green et al.137 | Reported that the surface area of an electrode was increased by ~ 2.5 times using an Nd:YAG laser with nanosecond pulse widths to roughen the electrode surface; they also reported that the safe charge injection limit was increased by ~ 3.5 times |
Green et al.90 | Reported on fabrication of electrode arrays with various laser patterning and roughening techniques with improvements in electrochemical performance and lower impedance compared to untreated surfaces of equal dimensions |
Zhang et al.139 | Investigated performance of laser-patterned platinum electrodes, in particular laser interference patterning, for use in visual prosthesis systems |
