Figure 3

Separation procedure and oviposition stimulant activities of Lyonia ovalifolia fractions for Lyonia race females. (A) Separation procedure to isolate triterpene glycosides. (B) Percentage of the eggs laid by individual females on cover glasses treated with or without fractions separated using silica gel column chromatography. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences among the treatments by Steel–Dwass test, *p < 0.01 (n = 16). (C) Percentage of the eggs laid by individual females on cover glasses treated with or without fractions separated using ODS column chromatography. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences among the treatments by Steel–Dwass test, *p < 0.01 (n = 6). (D) Separation procedure to prepare the highly polar fraction (Fr. A). (E) Percentage of Lyonia race females oviposited on cover glasses treated with or without samples in two-choice assays. A significant difference between the sample and control was analyzed within each two-choice set by Fisher’s exact test, *p < 0.05. Numbers in parentheses represent the number of tested animals. (F) Percentage of Lyonia race females oviposited on cover glasses treated with or without samples in two-choice assays. A significant difference between the sample and control was analyzed within each two-choice set by Fisher’s exact test, *p < 0.05. Numbers in parentheses represent the number of tested animals.