Table 3 Cox regression analysis for predictors of local HCC recurrence in all diabetic patients with complete response after TACE (N = 90).

From: Metformin administration is associated with enhanced response to transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma in type 2 diabetes patients

Variables

Univariate

Multivariate

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

Age (year)

0.99 (0.96–1.01)

0.346

  

Male gender

0.86 (0.39–1.89)

0.714

  

Heavy alcohol consumption

0.66 (0.34–1.28)

0.224

  

Hypertension

0.48 (0.23–0.96)

0.039

0.40 (0.19–0.86)

0.019

Cardiopulmonary disease

1.34 (0.52–3.40)

0.544

  

CKD

0.83 (0.33–2.11)

0.695

  

Viral hepatitis

1.62 (0.88–2.97)

0.119

  

Liver cirrhosis

2.04 (0.73–5.72)

0.176

  

Child–Pugh class B over A

1.71 (0.82–3.53)

0.150

  

Metformin

0.40 (0.21–0.74)

0.003

0.28 (0.14–0.58)

0.001

Metformin dose > 500 mg/day

0.78 (0.39–1.59)

0.500

  

Sulfonylurea

0.76 (0.37–1.54)

0.441

  

Alpha glucosidase

0.88 (0.39–1.99)

0.765

  

Thiazolidinedione

1.49 (0.59–3.81)

0.401

  

DPP-4 inhibitor

0.64 (0.35–1.16)

0.140

  

SGLT2i

0.31 (0.04–2.23)

0.242

  

Insulin

1.66 (0.59–4.65)

0.334

  

Statin

0.68 (0.37–1.27)

0.226

  

HbA1C

1.10 (0.92–1.34)

0.287

  

eGFR

0.99 (0.98–1.00)

0.078

0.99 (0.98–1.00)

0.128

Platelet, × 103/uL

1.00 (1.00–1.00)

0.532

  

Prothrombin time (INR)

3.30 (0.38–28.28)

0.276

  

Albumin, g/dL

0.76 (0.41–1.40)

0.378

  

Total bilirubin, mg/dL

1.25 (0.79–1.98)

0.340

  

ALBI grade

1.34 (0.74–2.43)

0.33303

  

AFP > 20 ng/mL

2.68 (1.42–5.05)

0.001

2.18 (1.11–4.29)

0.024

Tumor size (cm)

1.22 (1.01–1.48)

0.037

1.34 (1.07–1.68)

0.011

BCLC A over 0

1.61 (0.79–3.27)

0.189

  

DEB-TACE

1.38 (0.49–3.90)

0.549

  
  1. TACE transarterial chemoembolization, HCC hepatocellular carcinoma, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, INR international normalized ratio, RFA radiofrequency ablation.
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