Table 1 Solution parameters in numerical simulation.

From: A numerical study on CO migration after blasting in high-altitude tunnel by inclined shaft

Parameter type

Parameter

Values and settings

Gas parameter

Air density/(kg/m3)

0.842

CO density/(kg/m3)

0.814

Temperature/K

265.4

Atmospheric pressure/(Pa)

64,078

Dynamic viscosity coefficient of air/(Paâ‹…s)

1.68 × 10−5

Blasting parameter values

Throwing length of blasting fume/(m)

82

Mass fraction of CO/(%)

0.12

Mass concentration of CO/(kg/m3)

0.000976

Solver settings

Time

Steady (before blasting)

Transient (after blasting)

Solver type

Pressure-based

Turbulence model

RNG k–ε

Velocity of inlet/(m/s)

20

Turbulent intensity/(%)

2.64

Hydraulic diameter/(m)

1.8

Solution Methods

SIMPLEC

Time step/(s)

0.1