Table 1 Demograpic and clinical characteristics of study participants.
Characteristics | Overall (n = 2,540) | Without new early-onset VMSs (n = 1,297) | With new early-onset VMSs (n = 1,243) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (y) | 44.6 ± 2.3 | 44.4 ± 2.3 | 44.9 ± 2.4 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.3 ± 3.0 | 22.1 ± 3.0 | 22.5 ± 2.8 | < 0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 75.5 ± 7.6 | 74.9 ± 7.7 | 76.2 ± 7.5 | < 0.001 |
Age at menarche (years) | 13.91 ± 1.4 | 13.9 ± 1.4 | 13.97 ± 1.4 | 0.044 |
Parity | ||||
No child | 257 (10.6) | 146 (11.7) | 111 (9.3) | 0.032 |
1 child | 605 (24.9) | 320 (25.7) | 285 (24.1) | |
2 children | 1393 (57.3) | 702 (56.4) | 691 (58.1) | |
≥ 3 or more children | 178 (7.3) | 77 (6.2) | 101 (8.5) | |
Ever smoker | 279 (11.0) | 146 (11.3) | 133 (10.7) | 0.400 |
Alcohol intake (g/day) | 4.4 ± 7.1 | 4.28 ± 6.4 | 4.5 ± 7.9 | 0.396 |
< 10 g/day drinker | 2133 (84.0) | 1089 (84.0) | 1044 (84.0) | 0.043 |
10–40 g/day drinkers | 253 (10.0) | 134 (10.3) | 119 (9.6) | |
> 40 g/day drinkers | 20 (0.8) | 4 (0.3) | 16 (1.3) | |
HEPA | ||||
Low | 1287 (51.0) | 688 (53.4) | 599 (48.5) | < 0.001 |
Moderate | 854 (33.9) | 439 (34.2) | 415 (33.6) | |
High | 382 (15.1) | 160 (12.4) | 222 (18.0) | |
High education† | 2042 (81.8) | 1067 (84.2) | 973 (79.2) | 0.001 |
Hypertension | 86 (3.4) | 43 (3.3) | 43 (3.5) | 0.846 |
Diabetes | 35 (1.4) | 18 (1.4) | 17 (1.4) | 0.962 |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 103.0 ± 11.0 | 102.4 ± 10.7 | 103.8 ± 11.3 | 0.001 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 66.2 ± 8.6 | 65.9 ± 8.5 | 66.5 ± 8.7 | 0.059 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 92.5 ± 10.8 | 92.1 ± 10.6 | 92.9 ± 11.3 | 0.055 |
HOMA-IR† | 1.1 [0.7, 1.6] | 1.1 [0.7, 1.5] | 1.1 [0.8–1.6] | 0.135 |
hsCRP (mg/L) ‡ | 0.3 [0.2, 0.6] | 0.3 [0.2, 0.5] | 0.3 [0.2, 0.6] | 0.335 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 191.5 ± 30.3 | 191.1 ± 30.8 | 191.8 ± 29.7 | 0.572 |
< 200 | 1594 (62.8) | 816 (62.9) | 778 (62.6) | 0.972 |
200– < 240 | 771 (30.3) | 391 (30.1) | 380 (30.6) | |
≥ 240 | 175 (6.9) | 90 (6.9) | 85 (6.8) | |
LDL-C (mg/dL) | 118.2 ± 28.2 | 117.8 ± 28.4 | 118.5 ± 28.0 | 0.526 |
< 100 | 676 (26.6) | 365 (28.2) | 311 (25.0) | 0.202 |
100– < 130 | 1038 (40.9) | 517 (39.8) | 521 (42.0) | |
≥ 130 | 826 (32.5) | 415 (32.0) | 411 (33.0) | |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | 67.4 ± 15.9 | 68.0 ± 16.0 | 66.7 ± 15.8 | 0.037 |
< 50 (abnormal) | 301 (11.9) | 141 (10.9) | 160 (12.9) | 0.210 |
50– < 60 | 551 (21.7) | 276 (21.3) | 275 (22.1) | |
≥ 60 | 1688 (66.4) | 880 (67.8) | 808 (64.8) | |
Non-HDL (mg/dL) | 124.1 ± 30.8 | 123.1 ± 30.7 | 125.1 ± 30.8 | 0.102 |
< 130 | 1521 (59.8) | 788 (60.7) | 733 (58.9) | 0.574 |
130– < 160 | 697 (27.5) | 352 (27.2) | 345 (27.7) | |
≥ 160 | 322 (12.7) | 157 (12.1) | 165 (13.3) | |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 73 [56, 97] | 71 [55, 95] | 75 [58, 100] | 0.006 |
< 100 | 1939 (76.3) | 1014 (78.1) | 925 (74.4) | 0.059 |
100– < 150 | 445 (17.5) | 214 (16.5) | 231 (18.6) | |
≥ 150 | 156 (6.2) | 69 (5.4) | 87 (7.1) | |
Apo A-1(mg/dL)* | 155.8 ± 23.9 | 155.9 ± 23.2 | 155.7 ± 24.7 | 0.896 |
< 140 (abnormal) | 449 (26.0) | 224 (25.1) | 225 (27.0) | 0.354 |
≥ 140 | 1276 (74.0) | 669 (74.9) | 607 (73.0) | |
ApoB (mg/dL)* | 89.6 ± 21.1 | 89.1 ± 20.8 | 90.1 ± 21.5 | 0.345 |
< 90 | 929 (53.9) | 480 (53.8) | 449 (54.0) | 0.929 |
≥ 90 (abnormal) | 796 (46.1) | 413 (46.3) | 383 (46.0) | |
Apo B/Apo A-1 ratio | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.260 |
