Table 2 Patient outcomes at 6 months post-injury by the external cause of injury.

From: Differences in clinical characteristics of cervical spine injuries in older adults by external causes: a multicenter study of 1512 cases

 

Overall

Falls

Traffic accidents

Others (including unspecified)

Mortality and complication rate

Number of subjectsa

1198

909

227

62

Mortality, n (%)

89 (7.4)

70 (7.7)

16 (7.0)

3 (4.8)

Complications, n (%)

423 (36.4)

328 (37.2)

74 (34.1)

21 (33.9)

  Respiratory impairment, n (%)

81 (6.8)

61 (6.8)

16 (7.1)

4 (6.5)

  Dysphagia, n (%)

81 (6.8)

64 (7.1)

14 (6.2)

3 (4.8)

  Deep venous thrombosis, n (%)

20 (1.7)

14 (1.6)

5 (2.2)

1 (1.6)

  Pulmonary embolism, n (%)

6 (0.5)

6 (0.7)

0 (0)

0 (0)

  Pneumonia, n (%)

115 (9.7)

93 (10.3)

16 (7.1)

6 (9.7)

  Urinary tract infection, n (%)

110 (9.2)

83 (9.2)

17 (7.5)

10 (16.1)

  Cerebral infarction, n (%)

13 (1.1)

10 (1.1)

3 (1.3)

0 (0)

  Myocardial infarction, n (%)

2 (0.2)

2 (0.2)

0 (0)

0 (0)

  Delirium, n (%)

95 (8.0)

72 (8.0)

19 (8.4)

4 (6.5)

Walking independence rate

Number of subjectsb

1057

795

206

56

Walking capacity: walking w/ or w/o a cane, n (%)

768 (72.7)

572 (71.9)

155 (75.2)

41 (73.2)

Home-discharge rate

Number of subjectsc

1,061

801

203

57

Returned to home, n (%)

857 (81.5)

650 (81.1)

159 (78.3)

48 (84.2)

Admitted to a facility, n (%)

61 (5.8)

48 (6.0)

11 (5.4)

2 (3.5)

In hospital, n (%)

143 (13.6)

103 (12.9)

33 (16.2)

7 (12.3)

  1. Records with unknown or missing values were excluded from the analysis.
  2. aPatients with a 6-month follow-up.
  3. bPatients who were able to walk with or without a cane before injury with a 6-month follow-up, excluding any mortality case.
  4. cPatients living at home before injury with a 6-month follow-up, excluding mortality cases.