Table 3 Hemodynamics and echocardiographic data at rest.

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

135.8 ± 19.9

137.7 ± 19.0

134.1 ± 20.7

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

82.5 ± 11.9

83.2 ± 10.4

82.0 ± 13.0

Heart rate, bpm

69.7 ± 12.1

67.8 ± 12.6

71.4 ± 11.4

Stroke volume, mL

58.0 ± 13.7

59.3 ± 12.8

56.9 ± 14.4

Cardiac index, L/min/m²

2.51 ± 0.68

2.47 ± 0.67

2.54 ± 0.69

Tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient, mmHg

23.3 ± 8.6

24.8 ± 8.1

21.9 ± 8.9

Estimated right atrial pressure, mmHg

3.6 ± 2.0

4.0 ± 2.7

3.3 ± 1.2

Left ventricular diastolic volume, mL

111.7 ± 34.1

115.3 ± 34.4

108.5 ± 33.8

Left ventricular systolic volume, mL

40.8 ± 12.7

41.6 ± 12.7

40.0 ± 12.8

Left ventricular diastolic diameter, mm

53.2 ± 5.7

53.7 ± 4.8

52.8 ± 6.3

Left ventricular systolic diameter, mm

33.0 ± 4.4

32.9 ± 4.1

33.0 ± 4.6

Left ventricular ejection fraction, %

63.5 ± 3.0

64.1 ± 3.5

62.9 ± 2.4

Left ventricular global longitudinal strain, %

 − 21.6 ± 3.4

 − 21.6 ± 3.5

 − 21.7 ± 3.3

E wave, cm/s

101.9 ± 25.7

103.8 ± 25.0

100.2 ± 26.3

e′ (average), cm/s

9.6 ± 2.8

9.0 ± 2.3

10.1 ± 3.0

Left atrial diameter, mm

44.6 ± 11.0

45.2 ± 8.9

44.1 ± 12.6

Left atrial volume index, mL/m²

70.7 ± 41.2

71.3 ± 41.5

70.3 ± 41.4

Left Atrial reservoir strain, %

28.5 ± 11.3

26.7 ± 11.2

30.1 ± 11.1

Tricuspid annual plane systolic excursion, mm

23.2 ± 4.4

23.1 ± 3.9

23.3 ± 4.9

Fractional area change, %

43.9 ± 5.8

44.3 ± 5.5

43.5 ± 6.0

Right ventricle free wall strain, %

 − 24.5 ± 5.6

 − 23.9 ± 4.5

 − 24.9 ± 6.4

Severe mitral regurgitation, n (%)

63 (51)

31 (54)

32 (49)

Mitral regurgitation regurgitant volume, mL

52.1 ± 12.2

53.6 ± 12.0

50.9 ± 12.3

Mitral regurgitation effective orifice area, cm²

0.33 ± 0.10

0.34 ± 0.10

0.32 ± 0.09