Figure 2
From: Upregulation of interleukin-19 in saliva of patients with COVID-19
Higher IL-19 gene expression levels in lung and nasopharyngeal swabs of COVID-19 patients. (A–C) IL-19 mRNA levels in SARS-CoV-2 infected human airway epithelial cells [HAECs] (n = 3 infected HAECs vs. n = 3 mock-treated HAECs; GSE147507), nasopharyngeal swabs of COVID-19 patients (n = 430 COVID-19 patients vs n = 54 healthy controls; GSE152075); as well as lung autopsies of COVID-19 patients (n = 17) SARS-CoV-2 infected lung vs. n = 5 healthy lung biopsies; GSE150316). (D–F) IL-6 mRNA levels in SARS-CoV-2 infected HAECs, in nasopharyngeal swabs of COVID-19 patients as well as lung autopsies of COVID-19 patients. (G–L) IL-20R1 and IL-20R2 (IL-19 heterodimer receptors) mRNA levels in SARS-CoV-2 infected HAECs, in nasopharyngeal swabs as well as lung autopsies of COVID-19 patients. Comparison was done using unpaired t-test or Mann–Whitney U test, depending on the skewness of the data. ns = non-significant, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.
