Table 2 Comparison of prediction results of different prediction models.

From: Research on imaging method of driver's attention area based on deep neural network

FPS

Unit

1

.…

39

40

.…

80

81

120

MSE

True value

Angle

0.000

.…

− 5.000

− 5.000

.…

− 4.000

− 4.000

− 3.000

0.000

Speed

33.000

35.000

36.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

This modle

Angle

− 0.213

− 3.872

− 4.187

− 4.843

− 2.668

− 4.986

0.362

Speed

32.097

35.792

35.449

− 0.390

0.120

1.248

0.224

Inattentive

Angle

3.150

− 4.218

− 8.068

− 0.468

− 4.368

1.024

0.568

Speed

34.229

33.603

32.333

− 1.470

0.656

3.293

0.623

Single-layer GRU

Angle

1.946

− 8.173

− 2.157

− 3.092

− 3.231

− 5.953

2.543

Speed

35.111

36.662

37.532

− 3.345

− 2.654

− 0.783

2.896

LSTM

Angle

0.794

− 5.626

− 0.078

2.017

− 2.977

− 4.455

5.426

Speed

31.183

39.346

31.105

5.698

− 3.068

− 5.794

5.867