Figure 1

TAQing system alter flocculation phenotypes. (a) A schematic of the workflow to obtain non-flocculent phenotypes from flocculent strains. S. cerevisiae haploid strains flocculent S799 and non-flocculent YPH499 are cell-fused into diploids (WT14), followed by TAQing treatment. Heat-activated endonuclease TaqI introduces multiple DNA double-strand breaks, leading to large-scale genome rearrangement. Non-flocculent TAQed mutants are isolated by screening planktonic cells with the remaining culture supernatant. (b) Flocculation behaviors of parental strains (S799, YPH499, WT14) and TAQed mutants (m123, m126, m130, m131, m133, m134, m135, m144, m146, m149, m150, m157, m159, m160, m161, m162, m163, m164, m165, m166, m168, m169, m170, m172, m173, m174, m175, m177, m178, and m179). (c) Flocculation scores of parental strains and TAQed mutants. P values were calculated using the Welch’s t-test compared to WT14: **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001. Error bars represent standard deviation (n = 3).