Table 1 Categories of recovery activity.

From: Twitter data from the 2019–20 Australian bushfires reveals participatory and temporal variations in social media use for disaster recovery

Category of recovery activities

Criteria—Message conveys information relating to one or more of the following:

Mental health and emotional support

Experiencing anxiety, PTSD, or mental health problems from the fires

Providing Emotional support to bushfire victims

Assistance with mental health

Post-disaster reconstruction and infrastructure services

Assessing or understanding the level of damage to physical infrastructure (e.g., homes, roads, electricity, gas, water). Note: This does not include tweets that talk generally about homes being burnt down without providing any specific information (e.g., address/area, image, etc.) to accurately identify the building(s) in question. Homes or infrastructure should be identifiable from the tweet or, at least, the tweet should lead people to understand the specific areas where homes have been damaged and reconstruction is needed. Otherwise, it does not support recovery through damage assessment or reconstruction activities

Reconstruction of buildings or restoration of infrastructure services

Business & economic activities

Tourism, farming, or other business activities that support the economy of bushfire-affected communities

Environment

The condition of the environment such as bushland, street, air quality

Clean up of the environment

Planting of trees

Donations and financial support

Donations or financial support for bushfire-affected communities

Insurance claims

Insurance claims associated with bushfire damage

Animal welfare

The condition or welfare of animals

Solidarity and social cohesion

Fostering or hindering meaningful relationships between members of the community

Behaving appropriately or inappropriately in times of disaster

Maintaining or failing to maintain acceptable social standards in times of disaster

Mutual support during disaster

Antagonism or disagreement in times of disaster

Social inclusion and a sense of belonging in times of disaster

Information support

How to gain an improved understanding of the bushfire situation

How to make informed decisions about the bushfire situation

How to be more prepared for future bushfires