Table 3 Lineal regression models assessing the effect of maternal smoking beyond 12th week of gestation on SBP percentile at 11 years.

From: Effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on child blood pressure in a European cohort

 

B (95% CI) (unit in percentile)

p- value

Adjusted R2

Model 1

Smoked beyond 12th week (yes)

7.862 (1.155, 14.570)

0.022

0.138

Mother's education level

− 0.068 (− 3.732, 3.597)

0.971

Mother's BMI

0.896 (0.316, 1.476)

0.003

Father's BMI

0.916 (0.264, 1.568)

0.006

Model 2

Smoked beyond 12th week (yes)

6.942 (0.454, 13.429)

0.036

0.243

Mother's education level

− 0.133 (− 3.644, 3.377)

0.940

Mother's BMI

0.184 (− 0.384, 0.752)

0.524

Father's BMI

0.237 (− 0.393, 0.866)

0.461

Ponderal index at birth

2.711 (− 7.241, 12.663)

0.593

Breastfeeding

− 1.052 (− 6.543, 4.438)

0.707

Low protein formula feeding

− 3.395 (− 8.808, 2.019)

0.219

BMI z-score at 11 years

8,352 (6.394, 10.311)

< 0.001

  1. Sample size 542 patients because of missing data.
  2. Model 1 adjusted by country and sex.
  3. Model 2 adjusted by country, sex, and other post-exposure potential confounders such as child’s anthropometry or feeding (comparison group for feeding high protein).
  4. Significant values are in bold.