Table 1 Summary of baseline characteristics of the study cohort.

From: Vitamin D status and severity of COVID-19

 

The total cohort N (%)

Vitamin D level

Homogeneity test

< 25 nmol/L (Deficient) N (%)

25 to < 50 nmol/L (Insufficient) N (%)

≥ 50 nmol/L (Sufficient) N (%)

Total

447 (100%)

49 (100%)

135 (100%)

263 (100%)

 

Sex

Male

219 (49.0)

31 (63.3)

78 (57.8)

110 (41.8)

 

Female

228 (51.0)

18 (36.7)

57 (42.2)

153 (58.2)

P = 0.0011

Age (years)

< 30

30 (6.7)

–

11 (8.2)

16 (6.1)

 

30–39

31 (6.9)

6 (12.2)a

15 (11.1)

13 (4.9)

 

40–49

43 (9.6)

8 (16.3)

19 (14.1)

16 (6.1)

 

50–59

71 (15.9)

5 (10.2)

33 (24.4)

33 (12.6)

 

60–69

60 (13.4)

5 (10.2)

15 (11.1)

40 (15.2)

 

70–79

117 (26.2)

12 (24.5)

25 (18.5)

80 (30.4)

 

≥ 80

95 (21.3)

13 (26.5)

17 (12.6)

65 (24.7)

P < 0.0001b

Country-of-origin

Denmark

337 (75.4)

34 (69.4)

87 (64.4)

216 (82.1)

 

Non-Westernc

88 (19.7)

15 (30.6)d

43 (31.9)

33 (12.6)

 

Westerne

22 (4.9)

–

5 (3.7)

14 (5.3)

P < 0.0001

Charlson comorbidity index

0

279 (62.4)

32 (65.3)

99 (73.3)

148 (56.3)

 

1–2

140 (31.3)

17 (34.7)f

28 (20.7)

96 (36.5)

 

≥ 3

28 (6.3)

–

8 (5.9)

19 (7.2)

P = 0.011

Obesity

Yes

48 (10.7)

5 (10.2)

13 (9.6)

30 (11.4)

 

No

399 (89.3)

44 (89.8)

122 (90.4)

233 (88.6)

P = 0.86

Timing of blood collection in relation to SARS-CoV-2 test

1 year–2 years before test

104 (23.3)

–

37 (27.4)

63 (24.0)

 

6 months–1 year before test

46 (10.3)

–

16 (11.9)

25 (9.5)

 

1–6 months before test

27 (6.0)

11g (22.4)

8 (5.9)

17 (6.5)

 

1 day–1 month before test

79 (17.7)

8 (16.3)

20 (14.8)

51 (19.4)

 

0 day–2 days after test

153 (34.2)

22 (44.9)

45 (33.3)

86 (32.7)

 

More than 2 days after test

37 (8.3)

8 (16.3)

9 (6.7)

20 (7.6)

P = 0.17

  1. aDue to few numbers the age groups < 30 and 30–39 years are grouped together in this table.
  2. bKruskal–Wallis test.
  3. cAlbania, Bosnia and Hercegovina, Belarus, Yugoslavia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Moldovia, Montenegro, Russia, Serbia, Soviet Union, Turkey, Ukraine, Africa, Asia, South and Central America, the Oceania (excl. Australia and New Zealand) and stateless people.
  4. dDue to few numbers Non-Western and Western countries are grouped together in this table.
  5. eEU, Andorra, Australia, Canada, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Monaco, New Zealand, Norway, San Marino, Switzerland, UK, US, The Vatican.
  6. fDue to few number the categories of Charlson comorbidity index; 1–2 and ≥ 3 are grouped together.
  7. gDue to few number the 3 periods covering the interval 1 month to 2 years are grouped together.
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