Table 3 Main sample demographics.

From: A data driven machine learning approach to differentiate between autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder based on the best-practice diagnostic instruments for autism

 

ASD (n = 574)

ADHD (n = 164)

ASD + ADHD (n = 113)

ND (n = 344)

Group comparisons

Age (in years)

M (SD)

15.8 (± 10.0)

10.7 (± 4.3)

11.5 (± 3.2)

16.1 (± 12.0)

F(3, 1183) = 18.41, p < 0.001

min–max

5–72

5–49

5–18

5–62

 

Gender

Female

15%

7%

11%

18%

Χ2(df = 3) = 11.21, p = 0.011

Male

85%

93%

89%

82%

 

IQ#

n

486

139

91

267

F(3, 982) = 1.70, ns

M (SD)

101.1 (± 18.5)

97.8 (± 20.6)

97.5 (± 19.7)

99.5 (± 19.9)

 

Min–max

55–145

62–138

58–132

58–136

 
  1. ASD autism spectrum disorder, ADHD attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ASD + ADHD co-occurrence of both diagnoses, ND no psychiatric diagnosis, N/A not applicable, ns not significant;
  2. #Considering solely an IQ criterion of < 70 as a cut-off for Intellectual Disability (ID), there was the following proportion of ID per group: ADHD (1.9%), ASD (2.2%), ASD + ADHD (4.3%), and ND (4.7%), with no significant differences between groups (p = 0.15).
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