Table 2 Airway size of males and females previously diagnosed with COVID-19 and a height- and age-matched control cohort.

From: Greater central airway luminal area in people with COVID-19: a case–control series

Airway luminal size

Males

Females

Sex Diff

COVID-19

Control

p-value

COVID-19

Control

p-value

p-value

Lung volume, mL

4472 ± 1590

4167 ± 1608

0.355

3785 ± 1035

2879 ± 758

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Pred of scan TLC, %

61.5 ± 19.4

57.1 ± 20.5

0.284

75.6 ± 17.3

57.3 ± 14.4

 < 0.001

0.005

Trachea, mm2

325 ± 58

297 ± 48

0.012

222 ± 38

198 ± 33

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Right main bronchus, mm2

228 ± 41

200 ± 33

 < 0.001

163 ± 31

132 ± 26

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Right upper lobe, mm2

86.6 ± 20.7

74.1 ± 18.8

0.003

69.6 ± 16.8

49.4 ± 12.2

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Bronchus Intermediate, mm2

132.1 ± 23.3

114.9 ± 20.7

 < 0.001

95.6 ± 17.0

73.9 ± 14.3

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Left main bronchus, mm2

165.0 ± 30.8

145.4 ± 27.6

0.001

117.0 ± 21.2

96.1 ± 18.5

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Left upper lobe, mm2

91.8 ± 18.2

82.7 ± 21.9

0.029

75.0 ± 16.4

58.5 ± 14.4

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Left lower lobe, mm2

65.3 ± 14.1

57.4 ± 14.9

0.009

56.0 ± 14.2

42.1 ± 10.5

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

  1. Data are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Data are compared using one-way analysis of variance. p-values are reported for between group comparisons (COVID-19 vs. control) for males and females separately, and between sex comparisons (males vs. females) for both groups pooled. Pred of scan TLC, predictive relation lung volume based on the computed tomography scan, absolute measured volume, and predicted total lung capacity.
  2. Significant values are in bold.
Back to article page