Table 2 Univariate analysis of the relationships between BRAFV600E mutation in GNT and clinicopathology in 102 patients.
From: The clinical and pathological features of low-grade epilepsy-associated glioneuronal tumors
Variables | Subtype | BRAFV600E mutation | In total | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BRAF (−) | BRAF (+) | ||||
CD34 expression, n (%) | CD34 (−) | 8 (57.1%) | 6 (42.9%) | 14 | 0.222 |
CD34 (+) | 35 (39.8%) | 53 (60.2%) | 88 | ||
Tumor type, n (%) | DNT | 8 (61.5%) | 5 (38.5%) | 13 | 0.273 |
GG | 32 (38.6%) | 51 (61.4%) | 83 | ||
Mixed GNT | 3 (50%) | 3 (50%) | 6 | ||
Patient gender, n (%) | Male | 24 (39.3%) | 37 (60.7%) | 61 | 0.483 |
Female | 19 (46.3%) | 22 (53.7%) | 41 | ||
Patient population, n (%) | Children | 23 (50%) | 23 (50%) | 46 | 0.146 |
Adult | 20 (35.7%) | 36 (64.3%) | 56 | ||
Drug-resistant epilepsy, n (%) | No | 17 (53.1%) | 15 (46.9%) | 32 | 0.129 |
Yes | 26 (37.1%) | 44 (62.9%) | 70 | ||
Seizure type, n (%) | Focal | 27 (42.9%) | 36 (57.1%) | 63 | 0.856 |
Generalized | 16 (41%) | 23 (59%) | 39 | ||
Seizure aura, n (%) | No | 19 (38.8%) | 30 (61.2%) | 49 | 0.506 |
Yes | 24 (45.3%) | 29 (54.7%) | 53 | ||
History of GTCS, n (%) | No | 22 (42.3%) | 30 (57.7%) | 52 | 0.975 |
Yes | 21 (42%) | 29 (58%) | 50 | ||
History of SE, n (%) | No | 43 (43%) | 57 (57%) | 100 | 0.620 |
Yes | 0 (0%) | 2 (100%) | 2 | ||
Seizure frequency, n (%) | Daily | 13 (40.6%) | 19 (59.4%) | 32 | 0.821 |
Weekly | 14 (37.8%) | 23 (62.2%) | 37 | ||
Monthly | 11 (50%) | 11 (50%) | 22 | ||
Quarterly or yearly | 5 (45.5%) | 6 (54.5%) | 11 | ||
Concordant interictal EEG findings, n (%) | No | 8 (30.8%) | 18 (69.2%) | 26 | 0.329 |
Yes | 30 (47.6%) | 33 (52.4%) | 63 | ||
Unknowna | 5 (38.5%) | 8 (61.5%) | 13 | ||
Concordant ictal EEG findings, n (%) | No | 4 (21.1%) | 15 (78.9%) | 19 | 0.031b |
Yes | 23 (50%) | 23 (50%) | 46 | ||
Unknowna | 16 (43.2%) | 21 (56.8%) | 37 | ||
Resection extent, n (%) | Simple tumor resection | 19 (44.2%) | 24 (55.8%) | 43 | 0.606 |
Extensive tumor resection | 24 (40.7%) | 35 (59.3%) | 56 | ||
Tumor side, n (%) | Right | 22 (41.5%) | 31 (58.5%) | 53 | 0.890 |
Left | 21 (42.9%) | 28 (57.1%) | 49 | ||
Tumor location, n (%) | Temporal | 27 (38%) | 44 (62%) | 71 | 0.294 |
Non-temporal | 19 (57.1%) | 9 (42.9%) | 21 | ||
Multilobe | 4 (40%) | 6 (60%) | 10 | ||
Tumor calcification, n (%) | No | 24 (37.5%) | 40 (62.5%) | 64 | 0.216 |
Yes | 19 (50%) | 19 (50%) | 38 | ||
Tumor encystation, n (%) | No | 35 (41.2%) | 50 (58.8%) | 85 | 0.654 |
Yes | 8 (47.1%) | 9 (52.9%) | 17 | ||
Ki67 index, n (%) | 0–1% | 25 (41.7%) | 35 (58.3%) | 60 | 0.682 |
2–5% | 16 (41%) | 23 (59%) | 39 | ||
> 5% | 2 (66.7%) | 1 (33.3%) | 3 | ||
Tumor-associated FCD, n (%) | No | 39 (41.5%) | 55 (58.5%) | 94 | 0.924 |
Yes | 4 (50%) | 4 (50%) | 8 | ||
Concomitant HS, n (%) | No | 41 (43.6%) | 53 (56.4%) | 94 | 0.515 |
Yes | 2 (25%) | 6 (75%) | 8 | ||
Seizure outcomes, n (%) | Engel class I | 34 (40.5%) | 50 (59.5%) | 84 | 0.937 |
Engel class II–IV | 5 (41.7%) | 7 (58.3%) | 12 | ||
Tumor recurrence, n (%) | No | 43 (42.6%) | 58 (57.4%) | 101 | 1.000 |
Yes | 0 (0%) | 1 (100%) | 1 | ||
Age at surgery, median (IQR) | In years | 15 (7–23) | 20 (14–27) | 19 (10.5–25.3) | 0.015b |
Age of seizure onset, median (IQR) | In years | 7 (4–15) | 12 (5.5–18.5) | 10 (5–18) | 0.106 |
Duration of epilepsy, median (IQR) | In months | 24 (5–108) | 42 (12–180) | 36 (11.5–126) | 0.095 |
Tumor size, median (IQR) | In millimeter | 20 (15–20) | 17.5 (15–25) | 17.5 (15–21.3) | 0.217 |
Hospitalization time, median (IQR) | In days | 20 (16–26) | 24 (16–30) | 22 (16–28.3) | 0.188 |
Follow-up time, median (IQR) | In months | 43 (25–52) | 28 (16–52) | 37 (21.7–52) | 0.312 |
