Figure 2

Discrimination between mimic odours and natural floral scents. (A,B) Discrimination was evaluated towards the single presentation of the apple natural floral odour and the jasmine mimic (JM) (right panels) after a differential proboscis extension reflex (PER) conditioning (left panel), where both apple natural odour and JM were used as rewarded (CS+) and non-rewarded stimulus (CS−). Asterisks indicate significant differences between tested odours (***, p < 0.001). (C,D) Differential PER conditioning between the apple natural floral odour and the apple mimic (PM), where both odours were used as rewarded (CS+) and non-rewarded stimulus (CS−). No difference (n.s.) at test indicates that bees could not discriminate between AM and the unrewarded apple natural scent (D). (E,F) Differential PER conditioning between the pear natural floral odour and the apple mimic (AM), where both odours were used as rewarded (CS+) and non-rewarded stimulus (CS−). Asterisks indicate significant differences between tested odours (***, p < 0.001) showing that bees could discriminate between AM and the pear natural scent. The experimental subjects were all foraging bees naïve for the CSs that had no access to any pear or apple tree. Numbers between brackets indicate sample size. Circles indicate the proportion of PER and bars (in test) show the 95% confidence intervals. Package ‘emmeans’, version 1.8.0. https://github.com/rvlenth/emmeans.