Table 1 Baseline features of patients according to the type of tumor recurrence.

From: Imaging and histological features of tumor biopsy sample predict aggressive intrasegmental recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation

Variables

Available data

All patients

n = 212

Aggressive intrasegmental recurrence

n = 21

Local non aggressive recurrence

n = 21

Distant recurrence only

n = 72

Without recurrence

n = 98

Clinical features

Age

212

67 ± 10

69 + /- 10

70 ± 7

67 ± 9

67 ± 10

Male

212

168 (79)

18 (85.7)

15 (71)

55 (76)

76 (77)

Cirrhosis

212

181 (85.4)

17 (81)

17 (81)

68 (94)

60 (61)

Etiology of liver disease

212

     

Hepatitis B

 

26 (12.3)

2 (10)

3 (14)

9 (12)

12 (12)

Hepatitis C

 

76 (35.8)

6 (28)

7 (33)

30 (42)

33 (34)

Alcohol

 

82 (38.7)

10 (47)

8 (38)

25 (35)

39 (40)

NASH

 

20 (9.4)

2 (10)

2 (10)

7 (10)

9 (9)

Other etiologies

 

8 (3.8)

1 (5)

1 (5)

1 (1)

5 (5)

AFP level (ng/mL)

203

108 ± 408

30 ± 60

176 ± 285

85 ± 317

127 ± 521

Child–Pugh class B

208

15 (7)

0 (0)

1(5)

4 (6)

10 (10)

Number of nodules

212

     

Solitary

 

164 (77.3)

20 (95)

18 (85)

57 (79)

69 (70)

Multiple

 

48 (22.6)

1 (5)

3 (5)

15 (21)

29 (30)

Tumor size (cm)

212

2.86 ± 1.4

3.09 ± 1.32

2.98 ± 1.2

2.72 ± 1.33

2.88 ± 1.52

BCLC stage 0/A

212

199 (94)

20 (95)

21 (100)

68 (94)

90 (92)

Imaging features

Atypical tumor vascular enhancement

212

27 (13)

2 (10)

1(5)

10 (14)

14 (14)

Non-smooth tumor margin

212

45 (21)

10 (47)

4 (19)

13 (18)

18 (18)

Tumor capsule

212

109 (51)

12 (57)

15 (71)

34 (47)

48 (49)

Abnormal vascular peritumoral enhancement

212

30 (14.3)

6 (28)

3 (14)

8 (11)

13 (13)

Peri-vascular location

212

86 (40.5)

11 (52)

11 (52)

24 (33)

40 (41)

Pathological and immunohistochemical features

Histopathological subtype

212

     

Macrotrabecular-massive

 

25 (12)

8 (38)

0(0)

7 (10)

10 (10)

Microtrabecular

 

104 (49)

6 (28)

12 (57)

43 (60)

43 (44)

Compact

 

5 (2.4)

0 (0)

0 (0)

2 (3)

3 (3)

Scirrhous

 

20 (9.4)

1 (5)

3 (14)

4 (5)

12 (12)

Steatohepatitic

 

42(19.8)

1(5)

5 (23)

13 (18)

23 (23)

Hepato-cholangiocarcinoma

 

5 (2.4)

1(5)

0 (0)

1 (1)

2 (2)

Edmondson grade 3 or 4

212

66 (31.1)

9 (43)

5 (23)

19 (26)

33 (34)

Biliary marker expression

205

23 (11.2)

1 (5)

2 (9)

7 (10)

13(14)

  1. Results were expressed in numbers (%) or median ± standard deviation.
  2. AFP, alphafoetoprotein level; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Classification; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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