Table 2 Incidence rates of causes of death according to DKD stage.

From: Impact of albuminuria on the various causes of death in diabetic patients: a nationwide population-based study

 

aNo DKD (n = 880,927)

bDKD stage 1 (n = 51,406)

cDKD stage 2 (n = 1,384,982)

dDKD stage 3 (n = 257,638)

eDKD stage 4 (n = 39,709)

P-value

N

IR (95% CI)

N

IR (95% CI)

N

IR (95% CI)

N

IR (95% CI)

N

IR (95% CI)

All Cause

69,476

9.00 (8.93–9.07)

6501

14.66 (14.31–15.02)

159,776

13.15 (13.09–13.22)

66,850

31.45 (31.22–31.69)

8749

25.48 (24.95–26.02)

 < 0.001

Infectious disease

1835

0.24 (0.23–0.25)

176

0.40 (0.34–0.46)

4313

0.36 (0.35–0.37)

2091

0.98 (0.94–1.03)

198

0.58 (0.50–0.66)

 < 0.001

Neoplasm

25,891

3.35 (3.31–3.40)

2024

4.57 (4.37–4.77)

54,963

4.53 (4.49–4.56)

15,704

7.39 (7.27–7.51)

1587

4.62 (4.40–4.85)

 < 0.001

Endocrine and metabolic disease

4487

0.58 (0.56–0.60)

684

1.54 (1.43–1.66)

12,101

1.00 (0.98–1.01)

8507

4.00 (3.92–4.09)

1855

5.40 (5.16–5.65)

 < 0.001

Nervous system disorders

1510

0.20 (0.19–0.21)

87

0.20 (0.16–0.24)

4370

0.36 (0.35–0.37)

1877

0.88 (0.84–0.92)

129

0.38 (0.32–0.45)

 < 0.001

Diseases of the circulatory system

11,121

1.44 (1.41–1.47)

1204

2.72 (2.57–2.87)

31,597

2.60 (2.57–2.63)

16,452

7.74 (7.62–7.86)

1909

5.56 (5.32–5.81)

 < 0.001

Diseases of the respiratory system

5309

0.69 (0.67–0.71)

473

1.07 (0.98–1.17)

15,046

1.24 (1.22–1.26)

6529

3.07 (3.00–3.15)

533

1.55 (1.43–1.69)

 < 0.001

Diseases of the digestive system

4664

0.60 (0.59–0.62)

474

1.07 (0.98–1.17)

6361

0.52 (0.51–0.54)

2308

1.09 (1.04–1.13)

305

0.89 (0.79–0.99)

 < 0.001

Diseases of the genitourinary system

757

0.10 (0.09–0.11)

189

0.43 (0.37–0.49)

2892

0.24 (0.23–0.25)

3257

1.53 (1.48–1.59)

1166

3.40 (3.21–3.60)

 < 0.001

Injury from external causes

8226

1.07 (1.04–1.09)

650

1.47 (1.36–1.58)

14,310

1.18 (1.16–1.20)

3609

1.70 (1.64–1.75)

444

1.29 (1.18–1.42)

 < 0.001

  1. *IR incidence rate per 1000 person-years.
  2. aNo DKD: eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73m2, negative or trace in dipstick proteinuria, bDKD stage 1: eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73m2, ≥ 1 + in dipstick proteinuria, cDKD stage 2: 60 mL/min/1.73m2 ≤ eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73m2, dDKD stage 3: 30 mL/min/1.73m2 ≤ eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2, eDKD stage 4/5: eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m2.
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