Table 7 Effects of dietary mineral source and birth body weight (BBW) on total time devoted to performing different behaviors (min) during 48 h of observation of dairy calves (n = 13 per treatment).

Items	NBW¹		LBW¹		SEM	Treatment effects²
Items	ACMS¹	IM¹	ACMS	IM	SEM	BBW	MS	BBW × MS	Time (T)	BBW × T	MS × T	BBW × MS × T
Eating (min)
Pre-weaning	222.1	189.9	219.1	209.5	11.45	0.51	0.07	0.33
Post-weaning	291.7	269.4	306.4	297.5	12.51	0.09	0.22	0.59
Overall	257.9	229.6	262.5	254.5	11.55	0.21	0.12	0.44	< 0.01	0.08	0.44	0.55
Drinking (min)
Pre-weaning	50.1^a	41.7^b	32.6^c	37.1^bc	3.12	< 0.01	0.52	0.04
Post-weaning	87.0	65.5	65.1	56.3	4.44	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.16
Overall	68.6	53.6	48.9	46.7	3.45	< 0.01	0.02	0.07	< 0.01	0.17	< 0.01	0.98
Ruminating (min)
Pre-weaning	433.7	418.4	399.1	409.5	21.74	0.31	0.90	0.55
Post-weaning	625.2	547.8	560.9	574.0	27.91	0.49	0.25	0.11
Overall	528.9	482.6	479.5	491.3	23.33	0.38	0.46	0.22	< 0.01	0.88	0.10	0.17
Standing (min)
Pre-weaning	361.2	398.2	352.0	345.5	14.67	0.04	0.30	0.14
Post-weaning	325.8	313.9	248.4	218.6	16.48	< 0.01	0.21	0.59
Overall	343.3	355.8	300.0	281.7	12.84	< 0.01	0.82	0.24	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.05	0.50
Lying (min)
Pre-weaning	1440.6	1445.6	1470.0	1450.6	24.74	0.49	0.77	0.62
Post-weaning	1337.5	1441.7	1424.3	1450.9	24.76	0.05	0.01	0.12
Overall	1389.1	1443.7	1447.2	1450.8	20.40	0.12	0.16	0.22	0.01	0.28	0.01	0.35
Non-nutritive oral behavior (min)
Pre-weaning	374.9	389.1	348.7	430.7	23.18	0.73	0.04	0.14
Post-weaning	215.6	244.8	214.8	285.6	22.53	0.37	0.03	0.35
Overall	295.3	316.8	281.8	358.1	19.57	0.48	0.02	0.16	< 0.01	0.59	0.94	0.58

¹IM inorganic minerals source, ACMS advanced chelated mineral source, LBW low birth weight, NBW normal birth weight.
²Contrasts for BBW (birth body weight), MS (mineral source) and interaction (BBW × MS).
^a,b,c Means within a row with different superscripts are significantly different (P < 0.05).

Quick links

Search