Table 3 Brain structural parameters volumes by sex and group.

From: Brain structural parameters correlate with University Selection Test outcomes in Chilean high school graduates

Brain structural parameters volumes

Males

Females

High SA Group

(n = 42)

Low SA Group

(n = 16)

p-value

High SA Group

(n = 21)

Low SA Group

(n = 23)

p-value

 

volumes (cc)

Brain segmentation without ventricles

1279.36 ± 82.80

1229.29 ± 114.67

.0705

1165.78 ± 93.18

1083.98 ± 68.16

.0017**

Cortical gray matter

547.76 ± 41.52

525.91 ± 40.56

.0768

500.09 ± 37.74

465.76 ± 34.19

.0029**

Left hemisphere cortical gray matter

274.23 ± 20.95

261.82 ± 20.46

.0473*

249.45 ± 19.56

232.39 ± 17.43

.0038**

Right hemisphere cortical gray matter

273.54 ± 20.73

264.08 ± 20.28

.1242

250.64 ± 18.31

233.38 ± 16.88

.0022**

Cerebral white matter

496.90 ± 39.76

493.80 ± 64.88

.8257

453.56 ± 42.91

427.64 ± 39.09

.0421*

Left hemisphere cerebral white matter

248.80 ± 19.89

246.38 ± 32.45

.7309

226.85 ± 21.85

213.14 ± 19.39

.0330*

Right hemisphere cerebral white matter

248.10 ± 19.97

247.42 ± 32.55

.9236

226.71 ± 21.14

214.50 ± 19.80

.0545

Gray matter

751.55 ± 48.08

705.31 ± 55.26

.0027**

681.11 ± 52.12

628.74 ± 34.93

.0003***

Subcortical gray matter

66.38 ± 4.49

62.90 ± 5.76

.0181*

60.99 ± 4.89

57.68 ± 4.38

.0224*

Supratentorial

1130.84 ± 79.52

1101.80 ± 101.68

.2554

1032.82 ± 81.59

967.03 ± 70.09

.0063**

Left cerebellum white matter

15.86 ± 2.22

15.67 ± 2.28

.7690

16.08 ± 2.81

14.42 ± 1.77

.0235*

Left inferior frontal gyrus

2.71 ± 0.14

2.65 ± 0.16

.2202

2.76 ± 0.18

2.63 ± 0.12

.0172*

Left cerebellum cortex

65.54 ± 8.71

56.82 ± 7.34

.0008***

57.87 ± 8.31

51.76 ± 5.71

.0065**

Left thalamus proper

8.32 ± 0.69

8.02 ± 0.83

.1729

7.85 ± 0.94

7.30 ± 0.61

.0252*

Left caudate

3.99 ± 0.47

3.82 ± 0.49

.2233

3.84 ± 0.46

3.55 ± 0.41

.0363*

Left putamen

6.02 ± 0.61

5.77 ± 0.81

.2155

5.63 ± 0.69

5.50 ± 0.77

.5610

Left pallidum

2.21 ± 0.24

1.95 ± 0.45

.0081**

1.86 ± 0.34

1.68 ± 0.34

.0919

Brainstem

24.01 ± 3.01

21.19 ± 2.98

.0023**

21.65 ± 2.83

19.01 ± 1.79

.0006***

Left hippocampus

4.69 ± 0.38

4.31 ± 0.48

.0033**

4.33 ± 0.46

4.09 ± 0.45

.0823

Left amygdala

1.82 ± 0.15

1.85 ± 0.17

.5701

1.58 ± 0.15

1.57 ± 0.16

.8600

Left accumbens area

0.54 ± 0.12

0.64 ± 0.12

.0098**

0.56 ± 0.15

0.56 ± 0.11

.8324

Left ventral dorsal caudate

4,61 ± 0.41

4.40 ± 0.46

.0947

4.12 ± 0.36

3.86 ± 0.35

.0186*

Right inferior frontal gyrus

2.82 ± 0.20

2.66 ± 0.12

.0039**

2.84 ± 0.23

2.65 ± 0.18

.0036**

Right cerebellum white matter

15.26 ± 2.17

15.08 ± 2.26

.7798

15.59 ± 2.41

13.83 ± 1.79

.0084**

Right cerebellum cortex

67.20 ± 8.53

58.79 ± 7.50

.0010**

59.70 ± 7.83

52.29 ± 5.84

.0009***

Right thalamus proper

7.97 ± 0.64

7.62 ± 0.73

.0806

7.29 ± 0.69

6.87 ± 0.57

.0368*

Right caudate

4.04 ± 0.45

3.85 ± 0.48

.1535

3.91 ± 0.48

3.59 ± 0.40

.0227*

Right putamen

5.99 ± 0.58

5.77 ± 0.72

.2506

5.52 ± 0.52

5.37 ± 0.59

.3662

Right pallidum

2.16 ± 0.23

1.86 ± 0.36

.0003***

1.84 ± 0.35

1.70 ± 0.25

.1220

Right hippocampus

5.99 ± 0.58

4.60 ± 0.47

.0380*

4.50 ± 0.53

4.30 ± 0.43

.1632

Right amygdala

2.02 ± 0.19

1.96 ± 0.17

.2280

1.75 ± 0.18

1.63 ± 0.16

.0234*

Right accumbens area

0.70 ± 0.10

0.65 ± 0.09

.0732

0.64 ± 0.10

0.58 ± 0.07

.0259*

Right ventral dorsal caudate

4.59 ± 0.37

4.32 ± 0.43

.0213*

4.09 ± 0.36

3.83 ± 0.31

.0147*

Posterior corpus callosum

0.96 ± 0.15

1.02 ± 0.21

.2379

1.05 ± 0.13

0.96 ± 0.13

.0347*

Middle-posterior corpus callosum

0.49 ± 0.11

0.57 ± 0.12

.0192*

0.51 ± 0.12

0.52 ± 0.15

.8776

Central corpus callosum

0.53 ± 0.15

0.63 ± 0.17

.0414*

0.56 ± 0.14

0.52 ± 0.12

.2800

Middle-anterior corpus callosum

0.58 ± 0.18

0.63 ± 0.20

.3889

0.61 ± 0.16

0.58 ± 0.14

.5299

Anterior corpus callosum

0.90 ± 0.18

0.97 ± 0.19

.1957

0.97 ± 0.16

0.93 ± 0.17

.4793

  1. Results are expressed as mean ± SD. Means were compared by Bonferroni's test. SA: scholastic achievement; PSU: University Selection Test; High SA Group: High PSU scores (> 620, > p75); Low SA Group: Low PSU scores (< 450, < p25). Bonferroni corrected p < .05*; < .01**; < .001***
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