Table 1 Average biological season home range sizes with standard errors (SE) and 95% confidence limits (CL) for female elk in southwestern Virginia, USA from June 2012–February 2017 and March 2019–February 2022.

From: Drivers of habitat quality for a reintroduced elk herd

Season

Home range size (ha)

SE

Lower CL

Upper CL

Late gestation

875.9

79.4

717.9

1034.0

Calving

627.9

53.5

521.9

734.0

Harems

694.1

45.2

604.4

783.8

Mid-gestation

586.4

47.3

492.2

680.6