Table 1 Analyses of urinary neopterin predictors in wild gelada populations in the Simien Mountains National Park (SMNP) and the Guassa Community Conservation Area (GCCA).

From: Urinary neopterin reflects immunological variation associated with age, helminth parasitism, and the microbiome in a wild primate

Analysis

Predictors

N (SMNP)

N (GCCA)

1. Demographic, climatic, and technical factors

Age, sex, rainfall, min temperature, time of day, storage time

588

NA

2. Taenia serialis

Age, time of day, storage time, T. serialis infection

128

45

3. Gastrointestinal helminths

Age, time of day, storage time, helminth ASV richness over 1 year prior to sampling

140

NA

4. Microbiome

4.1 Alpha diversity

4.2 Beta diversity

Age, time of day, storage time, microbiome ASV richness, Shannon’s diversity index, Faith’s phylogenetic diversity index

Age, time of day, storage time, Bray–Curtis diversity, weighted and unweighted UniFrac distances

229

NA