Table 1 In vitro antiviral and cytotoxic activities of twelve essential oils expressed in half-maximal effective concentration (EC50), half-maximal cytotoxic concentration (CC50), and therapeutic index (TI).
From: Essential oils block cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant
Essential oils | Concentrations in µg/mL (95% confidence interval ) | TI (CC50/EC50) | |
---|---|---|---|
EC50 | CC50 | ||
Zingiber officinale | 33.7 (20.9–55.3) | 38.6 (22.3–70.2) | 1.12 |
Eucalipto globulus | 12.9 (6.4–25.3) | 23.9 (15.2–37.7) | 1.85 |
Thymus vulgaris | 3.1 (1.3–7.4) | 2.0 (1.5–2.8) | 0.67 |
“Illicium verum” | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 29.5 (17.7–51.7) | 60.00 |
Rosmarinus officinalis | 57.1 (35.2–93.3) | 81.1 (43.2–169.0) | 1.42 |
Melaleuca alternifolia | 29.2 (18.6–46.7) | 41.0 (27.9–60.9) | 1.41 |
Syzygium aromaticum | 0.09 (0.07–0.13) | 0.42 (0.30–0.58) | 4.44 |
Cymbopogon citratus | 0.11 (0.07–0.19) | 0.20 (0.12–0.22) | 2.00 |
Origanum vulgare | 0.36 (0.23–0.57) | 0.41 (0.31–0.56) | 1.00 |
Citrus limon | 0.15 (0.09–0.22) | 1.3 (0.7–2.3) | 8.67 |
Pelargonium graveolens | 0.20 (0.14–0.29) | 1.7 (1.1–2.6) | 8.50 |
Matricaria recutita | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) | 1.09 |