Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants by categories of the baseline TG/HDL-C in the NAGALA study, 2004–2015.

From: Association between triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and type 2 diabetes risk in Japanese

Variable

TG/HDL-C quartiles

P-value

Q1 (0.21 ± 0.06)

Q2 (0.39 ± 0.06)

Q3 (0.68 ± 0.11)

Q4 (1.68 ± 0.98)

Participants (n)

3699

3967

3916

3871

 

Age, year

41.18 ± 8.39

43.34 ± 8.85

44.97 ± 9.06

45.23 ± 8.68

 < 0.001

Ethanol consumption, g/week

1.00 (0.00–22.00)

1.00 (0.00–60.00)

2.80 (0.00–84.00)

12.00 (1.00–90.00)

 < 0.001

BMI, kg/m2

20.26 ± 2.28

21.33 ± 2.64

22.54 ± 2.93

24.27 ± 3.07

 < 0.001

WC, cm

70.51 ± 6.86

73.85 ± 7.92

77.94 ± 8.19

83.36 ± 7.96

 < 0.001

ALT, IU/L

14.00 (11.00–17.00)

15.00 (12.00–20.00)

18.00 (14.00–23.00)

23.00 (17.00–32.00)

 < 0.001

AST, IU/L

16.00 (13.00–20.00)

17.00 (14.00–20.00)

17.00 (14.00–21.00)

19.00 (16.00–24.00)

 < 0.001

GGT, IU/L

12.00 (10.00–15.50)

13.00 (11.00–18.00)

16.00 (12.00–23.00)

22.00 (16.00–33.00)

 < 0.001

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.85 ± 0.38

1.58 ± 0.29

1.35 ± 0.25

1.09 ± 0.21

 < 0.001

TC, mmol/L

4.86 ± 0.80

5.01 ± 0.81

5.17 ± 0.86

5.45 ± 0.87

 < 0.001

TG, mmol/L

0.38 ± 0.12

0.62 ± 0.13

0.91 ± 0.20

1.73 ± 0.78

 < 0.001

HbA1c, %

5.15 ± 0.29

5.14 ± 0.31

5.18 ± 0.33

5.21 ± 0.34

 < 0.001

FPG, mmol/L

4.97 ± 0.39

5.10 ± 0.40

5.22 ± 0.39

5.35 ± 0.37

 < 0.001

SBP, mmHg

108.32 ± 12.99

111.94 ± 14.07

116.35 ± 14.70

121.13 ± 14.88

 < 0.001

DBP, mmHg

66.95 ± 9.21

69.67 ± 9.82

72.96 ± 10.17

76.56 ± 10.25

 < 0.001

Gender

 < 0.001

Female

2838 (76.72%)

2241 (56.49%)

1380 (35.24%)

575 (14.85%)

 

Male

861 (23.28%)

1726 (43.51%)

2536 (64.76%)

3296 (85.15%)

 

Fatty liver

 < 0.001

No

3624 (97.97%)

3686 (92.92%)

3208 (81.92%)

2198 (56.78%)

 

Yes

75 (2.03%)

281 (7.08%)

708 (18.08%)

1673 (43.22%)

 

WC ≥ 90 in men, ≥ 80 in women

 < 0.001

No

3489 (94.32%)

3617 (91.18%)

3360 (85.80%)

2975 (76.85%)

 

Yes

210 (5.68%)

350 (8.82%)

556 (14.20%)

896 (23.15%)

 

Habit of exercise

 < 0.001

Yes

3002 (81.16%)

3258 (82.13%)

3207 (81.89%)

3280 (84.73%)

 

No

697 (18.84%)

709 (17.87%)

709 (18.11%)

591 (15.27%)

 

Alcohol consumption

 < 0.001

Non

3135 (84.75%)

3085 (77.77%)

2901 (74.08%)

2681 (69.26%)

 

Light

300 (8.11%)

444 (11.19%)

496 (12.67%)

514 (13.28%)

 

Moderate

211 (5.70%)

323 (8.14%)

363 (9.27%)

460 (11.88%)

 

Heavy

53 (1.43%)

115 (2.90%)

156 (3.98%)

216 (5.58%)

 

Smoking status

 < 0.001

Never

2918 (78.89%)

2611 (65.82%)

2012 (51.38%)

1486 (38.39%)

 

Past

452 (12.22%)

680 (17.14%)

858 (21.91%)

959 (24.77%)

 

Current

329 (8.89%)

676 (17.04%)

1046 (26.71%)

1426 (36.84%)

 

Incident diabetes

 < 0.001

No

3677 (99.41%)

3921 (98.84%)

3833 (97.88%)

3649 (94.27%)

 

Yes

22 (0.59%)

46 (1.16%)

83 (2.12%)

222 (5.73%)

 
  1. Data were mean ± SD or median (P25–P75)/N (%) for skewed variables or numbers (proportions) for categorical variables.
  2. BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, GGT γ-glutamyl transferase, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, FPG fasting plasma glucose, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure.
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