Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the groups with or without PVWMH and DWMH.

From: Association of cerebral white matter hyperintensities with coronary artery calcium in a healthy population: a cross-sectional study

 

PVWMH

p

DWMH

p

Absent (n = 1179)

Present (n = 158)

Absent (n = 1189)

Present (n = 148)

Clinical variables

Age, years [SD]

50.22 ± 8.35

62.1 ± 8.47

 < 0.001

50.41 ± 8.44

61.39 ± 9.26

 < 0.001

Male, n (%)

1037 (87.96)

120 (75.95)

 < 0.001

1048 (88.14)

109 (73.65)

 < 0.001

BMI, kg/m2 [SD]

24.85 ± 3.04

25.09 ± 2.99

0.350

24.84 ± 3.07

25.17 ± 2.77

0.945

Hypertension, n (%)

293 (24.85)

90 (56.96)

 < 0.001

302 (25.4)

81 (54.73)

 < 0.001

Diabetes, n (%)

114 (9.67)

43 (27.22)

 < 0.001

121 (10.18)

36 (24.32)

 < 0.001

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

615 (52.16)

77 (48.73)

0.418

615 (51.72)

77 (52.03)

0.945

Current or former smoker, n (%)

691 (58.61)

82 (51.9)

0.080

688 (57.86)

85 (57.43)

0.015

Regular exercisea, n (%)

385 (32.65)

70 (44.3)

0.003

398 (33.47)

57 (38.51)

0.003

History of CAD, n (%)

34 (2.88)

11 (6.96)

0.008

33 (2.78)

12 (8.11)

0.002

CAC score, median [IQR]

0 [0‒7]

62 [0‒269.5]

 < 0.001

0 [0‒9]

46.5 [0‒192]

 < 0.001

Radiological variables

PVWMH, n (%)

–

–

 

84 (7.06)

74 (50)

 < 0.001

DWMH, n (%)

74 (6.28)

74 (46.84)

 < 0.001

–

–

 

ICAS, n (%)

8 (0.68)

13 (8.23)

 < 0.001

7 (0.59)

14 (9.46)

 < 0.001

  1. PVWMH Periventricular white matter hyperintensity, DWMH Deep white matter hyperintensity, BMI Body mass index, LDL Low-density lipoprotein, HDL High-density lipoprotein, HbA1c Glycohemoglobin, CAD Coronary artery disease, CAC Coronary artery calcium, ICAS Intracranial artery stenosis, SD Standard deviation, IQR Interquartile range.
  2. aRegular engagement in vigorous exercise for more than 10 min at least 3 times per week.
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