Table 3 Multivariable analysis for PVWMH and DWMH after adjusting for confounders.

From: Association of cerebral white matter hyperintensities with coronary artery calcium in a healthy population: a cross-sectional study

 

Model 1b

Model 2c

Model 3d

PVWMH

DWMH

PVWMH

DWMH

PVWMH

DWMH

OR (95% CI)

p

OR (95% CI)

p

OR (95% CI)

p

OR (95% CI)

p

OR (95% CI)

p

OR (95% CI)

p

CAC score

0 (reference)

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 

0–99

2.31 (1.45–3.73)

 < 0.001

1.83 (1.15–2.92)

0.011

2.23 (1.37–3.62)

0.001

1.60 (0.99–2.58)

0.057

2.22 (1.36–3.61)

0.001

1.59 (0.98–2.58)

0.061

 > 100

6.28 (3.76–10.49)

 < 0.001

4.56 (2.74–7.59)

 < 0.001

5.76 (3.31–10.05)

 < 0.001

3.96 (2.29–6.84)

 < 0.001

5.45 (3.11–9.54)

 < 0.001

3.66 (2.10–6.38)

 < 0.001

Age

1.13 (1.11–1.16)

 < 0.001

1.11 (1.09–1.14)

 < 0.001

1.13 (1.10–1.16)

 < 0.001

1.11 (1.08–1.14)

 < 0.001

1.13 (1.10–1.16)

 < 0.001

1.11 (1.08–1.14)

 < 0.001

Sex

0.86 (0.52–1.42)

0.55

0.69 (0.42–1.13)

0.142

0.88 (0.47–1.63)

0.679

0.60 (0.32–1.13)

0.114

0.84 (0.45–1.56)

0.578

0.55 (0.29–1.04)

0.066

Hypertension

    

2.34 (1.54–3.57)

 < 0.001

2.04 (1.35–3.10)

0.001

2.29 (1.50–3.50)

 < 0.001

1.98 (1.30–3.02)

0.001

BMI

    

1.04 (0.97–1.11)

0.303

1.06 (0.98–1.13)

0.134

1.03 (0.96–1.11)

0.362

1.05 (0.98–1.13)

0.173

Diabetes

    

1.43 (0.86–2.39)

0.168

1.18 (0.71–1.98)

0.52

1.30 (0.77–2.19)

0.328

1.04 (0.61–1.77)

0.897

Dyslipidemia

    

0.69 (0.46–1.04)

0.075

0.88 (0.59–1.31)

0.52

0.68 (0.45–1.03)

0.071

0.86 (0.57–1.30)

0.477

Current or former smoker

    

0.74 (0.46–1.20)

0.225

1.56 (0.93–2.62)

0.09

0.76 (0.47–1.24)

0.269

1.65 (0.97–2.81)

0.062

Regular exercisea

    

0.97 (0.85–1.11)

0.646

1.04 (0.93–1.16)

0.526

0.98 (0.86–1.11)

0.723

1.05 (0.94–1.17)

0.419

History of CAD

    

0.52 (0.21–1.28)

0.154

0.88 (0.38–2.02)

0.759

0.45 (0.17–1.16)

0.099

0.76 (0.32–1.85)

0.551

Homocysteine

    

1.01 (0.96–1.07)

0.666

0.92 (0.84–1.10)

0.04

1.02 (0.96–1.07)

0.589

0.92 (0.85–1.00)

0.056

ICAS

        

3.97 (1.31–12.06)

0.015

7.11 (2.33–21.77)

0.001

  1. PVWMH Periventricular white matter hyperintensity, DWMH Deep white matter hyperintensity, ICAS Intracranial artery stenosis, CAC Coronary artery calcium, CAD Coronary artery disease, CI Confidence interval, OR Odds ratio.
  2. aRegular engagement in vigorous exercise for more than 10 min at least 3 times per week.
  3. bAdjusted for age and sex.
  4. cAdjusted for Model 1 + atherosclerotic risk factors (BMI, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, current or former smoker, regular exercise, history of CAD, and homocysteine level).
  5. dAdjusted for Model 2 + ICAS.
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