Figure 4

(A) Structural equation model with non-linear smooth terms testing (1) the effects of prestimulus alpha power and phase on VAN-window ERP amplitude and (2) the effects of prestimulus alpha power and phase and VAN-window ERP amplitude on cue perception. (B) The effects of prestimulus alpha power and phase on VAN-window ERP amplitude. The left panels show the simple effects of prestimulus alpha power (top) and phase (bottom). The blue shaded regions illustrate slopes where BF > 10. Prestimulus alpha power predicted VAN-window ERP amplitude, such that higher alpha power was associated with less negative VAN amplitudes (i.e., a smaller VAN). This effect was primarily observed when prestimulus alpha power was above the mean. Prestimulus alpha phase also predicted VAN-window ERP amplitude, such that more negative amplitudes were associated with a preferred phase, and less negative amplitudes were associated with an anti-preferred phase. These effects were characterized by an alpha power by alpha phase interaction, where the effects of phase were mostly observed when prestimulus alpha power was high.