Table 1 Demographic and clinical data across the two site cohorts.

From: Tract-based white matter hyperintensity patterns in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus using an unsupervised machine learning approach

 

Leiden

Lund

Leiden versus Lund p value

No. of subjects

152

69

 

Non-NPSLE

115

27

 

NPSLE

37

42

 

FLAIR 3D

53 (34%)

0 (0%)

 

Sex female

138 (90%)

69 (100%)

0.021*

Age

42 (25–58)

37.5 (24–47)

0.002*

Disease duration (years)

Non-NPSLE

6.6 (0.4–17.4)

9.5 (1.0–20.0)

0.087

NPSLE

2.5 (0.1–17.5)

10.0 (1.0–22.6)

0.001*

Age of disease onset

Non-NPSLE

33.1 (18.6–52.8)

24.5 (15.5–37.0)

0.000*

NPSLE

31.5 (20.3–51.1)

24.0 (15.0–37.8)

0.006*

SDI score

Non-NPSLE

0 (0–2)

0 (0–2)

0.044*

NPSLE

1 (0–2)

0 (0–2)

0.045*

SLEDAI2k score

Non-NPSLE

4 (0–10)

2 (0–4)

0.006*

NPSLE

6 (0–20)

2 (0–4)

0.000*

ACR criteria

Non-NPSLE

5 (3.4–7.0)

6 (4.6–8.0)

0.003*

NPSLE

5 (4.0–6.4)

5 (4.0–7.0)

0.094

WMH volume in ml

Non-NPSLE

0.102 (0.0–2.3)

0.018 (0.0–0.3)

0.031*

NPSLE

0.353 (0.0–6.2)

0.057 (0.0–0.3)

0.000*

WMH number

Non-NPSLE

2 (0.0–12.8)

1 (0.0–6.0)

0.073

NPSLE

4 (0.0–16.8)

2 (0.0–6.8)

0.000*

  1. Data are represented as number (percentage) or median (10–90 percentile). Differences between Leiden and Lund cohort are expressed in p value and calculated for nominal variables with Chi-square tests (sex) and for continuous variables, based on their not-normally distribution, with Mann–Whitney U tests.
  2. Statistical significant values are in [bold].
  3. NPSLE, Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus; SDI, Systemic lupus international collaborating clinics damage index; SLEDAI-2K, Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000; ACR, American College of Rheumatology.
  4. *p value < 0.05.
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