Figure 4

Phenolic metabolite-release by the selected TanA+ L. plantarum strains cultured in a tannic acid-rich medium. (a) Released gallic acid; (b) released pyrogallol; (c) total released metabolites. The values of three independent experiments or their mean ± SEM are shown. Different letters show statistical differences between strains at < p 0.01. Ordinary One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test was used to compare strains. Strains that produced no detectable metabolites were removed from comparations. The blank (uninoculated media) contained a residual gallic acid from the tannic acid reagent that increased over time due to degradation at incubation conditions (30 °C).