Table 4 Comparison of each variable among the four US types classified based on exploratory hierarchical cluster.

From: Relationship between quadriceps femoris muscle architecture and muscle strength and physical function in older adults with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

 

A (n = 27)

B (n = 15)

C (n = 14)

D (n = 14)

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Age (years)

79.93

5.66

82.13

6.13

82.07

6.04

80.79

6.55

Height (m)

1.63

0.09

1.59

0.08

1.56

0.06

1.62

0.08

Weight (Kg)

77.24D

13.83

74.58

13.43

81.89D

17.72

67.00A,C

7.14

BMI (Kg/m2)

29.02D

4.77

29.48

5.01

33.60D

8.11

25.60A,C

2.10

5-STS (sec)

14.20

4.56

16.30

4.92

18.16

7.54

15.26

4.71

SPPB (0–12)

9.04C

2.26

7.20

2.54

6.71A

2.61

7.71

2.70

TUG (sec)

16.52

6.59

21.45

6.95

22.97

11.24

16.15

4.08

6MWT (m)

257.04

92.91

210.00

86.35

229.29

89.31

289.29

107.11

UGS (m/s)

0.58

0.19

0.44

0.21

0.43

0.17

0.57

0.23

FGS (m/s)

0.73

0.27

0.58

0.24

0.60

0.25

0.76

0.31

Katz Index (0–3)

0.85

0.77

0.80

0.77

1.21

1.12

1.00

1.18

Lawnton and Brody (0–4)

1.96

1.31

1.87

1.60

1.71

1.64

2.21

1.76

NYHA (n)

II

17

 

12

 

10

 

9

 

III

10

 

3

 

4

 

5

 
 

Men (n = 30)

A (n = 19)

B (n = 2)

C (n = 3)

D (n = 6)

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Age (years)

79.84

5.71

78.50

12.02

88.67

7.51

76.83

7.03

Height (m)

1.68

0.06

1.72

0.08

1.64

0.02

1.69

0.04

Weight (Kg)

82.77

11.37

83.50

26.16

83.00

13.00

71.17

6.31

BMI (Kg/m2)

29.58

4.49

27.75

6.28

31.05

5.39

25.01

2.04

5-STS (sec)

14.14

4.67

11.59

2.20

11.63

0.56

17.45

5.88

SPPB (0–12)

9.37

2.41

11.00

0

9.33

2.08

6.50

2.95

TUG (sec)

15.53

7.01

11.50

0.80

12.62

2.64

16.51

5.77

6MWT (m)

269.74

102.88

307.50

10.61

310.00

56.79

312.50

145.87

UGS (m/s)

0.62

0.21

0.87

0.13

0.63

0.24

0.61

0.35

FGS (m/s)

0.78

0.28

0.92

0.12

0.86

0.37

0.78

0.46

Katz Index (0–3)

0.79

0.79

0

0

0.67

0.58

1.00

1.26

Lawnton and Brody (0–4)

1.84

1.30

3.00

1.41

1.67

2.08

1.50

1.64

NYHA (n)

II

13

 

1

 

2

 

3

 

III

6

 

1

 

1

 

3

 
 

Women (n = 40)

A (n = 8)

B (n = 13)

C (n = 11)

D (n = 8)

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Age (years)

80.13

5.91

82.69

5.41

80.27

4.43

83.75

4.59

Height (m)

1.53

0.04

1.57

0.06

1.55

0.05

1.57

0.06

Weight (Kg)

64.12

9.91

73.31

11.75

81.59

19.34

63.87

6.33

BMI (Kg/m2)

27.69

5.46

29.75

5.05

34.29 D

8.79

26.03 C

2.17

5-STS (sec)

14.32

4.58

17.02

4.86

19.94

7.59

13.62

3.06

SPPB (0–12)

8.25

1.75

6.62

2.18

6.00

2.32

8.63

2.26

TUG (sec)

18.87

5.07

22.98D

6.11

25.80

11.05

15.89 B

2.65

6MWT (m)

226.88

58.06

195.00

82.84

207.27

85.07

271.88

72.80

UGS (m/s)

0.47

0.11

0.38D

0.13

0.37D

0.11

0.54B,C

0.12

FGS (m/s)

0.61

0.21

0.53

0.21

0.53

0.17

0.74

0.18

Katz index (0–3)

1.00

0.76

0.92

0.76

1.36

1.21

1.00

1.19

Lawnton and Brody (0–4)

2.25

1.39

1.69

1.60

1.73

1.62

2.75

1.75

NYHA (n)

II

4

 

11

 

8

 

6

 

III

4

 

2

 

3

 

2

 
  1. (A) normal MT, FT, MEI and FEI; (B) increased FT, relatively decreased MT to FT, slightly high FEI and slightly low MEI; (C) very increased FT, normal MT, decreased MEI and slightly high FEI; (D) decreased FT and MT and very high MEI with normal FEI
  2. US Ultrasound, BMI Body Mass Index, 5-STS Five-Repetitions Sit-to Stand, SPPB Short Physical Performance Battery, TUG Timed Up and Go test, 6MWT 6 Minute Walking Test, UGS Usual Gait Speed, FGS Fast Gait Speed, NYHA New York Heart Association class, SD Standard Deviation.
  3. A,B,C,Dp < 0.05; A*, B*, C*, D*p < 0.001.
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