Table 2 Comparison of incidence rates (per 1000 patient-years) and relative risk of gastrointestinal bleeding between patients with hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) before and after matching using propensity scores.

From: Effect of dialysis modalities on risk of hospitalization for gastrointestinal bleeding

Characteristics

Before matching

After matching

All PD patients

All HD patients

Matched PD patients

Matched HD patients

No. of events

Incidence rates

No. of events

Incidence rates

aSHR† (95% CI) (Ref. = PD)

No. of events

Incidence rates

No. of events

Incidence rates

aSHR† (95% CI) (Ref. = PD)

Overall

815

43.30 (40.38–46.38)**

20,970

65.25 (64.37–66.13) **

1.23** (1.15–1.33)

815

43.31 (40.39–46.39)

950

44.23 (41.46–47.13)

1.13* (1.03–1.24)

Male age group

18–34

33

30.94 (21.30–43.45)

285

26.21 (23.25–29.43)

0.98 (0.66–1.46)

33

30.94 (21.30–43.45)

42

26.57 (19.15–35.92)

0.87 (0.53–1.43)

35–49

82

32.73 (26.03–40.63)

1584

42.3 (40.25–44.44)

1.26 (1.00–1.60)

82

32.73 (26.03–40.63)

120

39.44 (32.70–47.16)

1.24 (0.93–1.66)

50–64

191

56.92 (49.14–65.59)

3977

66.01 (63.97–68.09)

1.09 (0.94–1.27)

191

56.92 (49.14–65.59)

187

52.28 (45.05–60.33)

1.01 (0.82–1.23)

65–79

88

75.52 (60.57–93.04)

3803

95.43 (92.42–98.51)

1.29* (1.05–1.60)

88

75.52 (60.57–93.04)

104

74.61 (60.96–90.4)

1.09 (0.82–1.47)

 ≥ 80

19

110.01(66.23–171.79)

878

131.57 (123.01–140.57)

1.45 (0.91–2.31)

19

110.01 (66.23–171.79)

24

131.71 (84.39–195.97)

1.54 (0.76–3.12)

Total

413

49.97(45.27–55.03)**

10,527

67.88 (66.59–69.18)**

1.21** (1.09–1.34)

413

49.97 (45.27–55.03)

477

48.79 (44.51–53.37)

1.10 (0.97–1.26)

Female age group

18–34

26

17.26 (11.28–25.29)

182

20.38 (17.52–23.56)

1.06 (0.65–1.73)

26

17.31 (11.31–25.36)

31

19.49 (13.24–27.66)

0.90 (0.48–1.69)

35–49

78

22.95 (18.14–28.64)

1196

29.64 (27.98–31.37)

1.00 (0.77–1.29)

78

22.95 (18.14–28.64)

78

21.33 (16.86–26.63)

0.91 (0.66–1.26)

50–64

157

40.47 (34.39–47.32)

3452

57.36 (55.46–59.31)

1.06 (0.89–1.25)

157

40.47 (34.39–47.32)

175

41.89 (35.91–48.57)

1.06 (0.85–1.32)

65–79

109

71.91 (59.05–86.75)

4532

92.17 (89.51–94.89)

1.33*(1.10–1.62)

109

71.91 (59.05–86.75)

158

77.9 (66.23–91.04)

1.27 (0.99–1.63)

 ≥ 80

32

124.8 (85.36–176.18)

1081

140.9 (132.62–149.55)

1.43 (1.00–2.05)

32

124.8 (85.36–176.18)

31

124.8 (84.79–177.14)

1.11 (0.65–1.89)

Total

402

38.08(34.45–41.99)**

10,443

62.79 (61.59–64.01)**

1.24** (1.12–1.38)

402

38.09 (34.46–42.01)

473

40.42 (36.86–44.23)

1.15** (1.00–1.31)

  1. The comparisons of overall and sex-specific incidence rates and cumulative incidence rates between the HD and PD patients without matching were all statistically significant (p < 0.0001), and the male and female incidence rates for the HD and PD patients with matching were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
  2. aSHR Adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio; Ref. Reference group; CI Confidence interval.
  3. †Based on a Cox proportional hazard regression with a competing risk analysis and adjusted for age, sex, selected comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hyperlipidemia, rheumatological disease) and medications (Aspirin, Antiplatelet agent, NSAID, Cox-2 selective inhibitors, Corticosteroids, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Anticoagulants, Gastroprotective agents, Aldosterone antagonists, Calcium channel blocker, Nitrates).
  4. *p value < 0.05.
  5. **p value < 0.001.
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