Table 1 Cronbach’s alpha for each trait, number of raters who rated voices for each trait, mean rating for each trait, and standard deviation (SD) in Study 1.

From: The role of valence, dominance, and pitch in perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) conversational agents’ voices

Trait

Cronbach’s alpha

Number of raters

Mean

SD

Aggressiveness

0.915

29

2.62

1.46

Attractiveness

0.890

30

3.55

1.73

Caringness

0.889

30

3.54

1.70

Competence

0.926

30

4.37

1.60

Confidence

0.913

29

4.19

1.70

Dominance

0.951

30

3.87

1.68

Emotional stability

0.901

30

4.25

1.70

Femininity

0.991

30

4.07

2.13

Intelligence

0.913

29

4.07

1.65

Masculinity

0.996

29

3.20

2.25

Meanness

0.808

30

3.19

1.74

Old

0.963

30

3.94

1.47

Responsibility

0.919

30

4.01

1.71

Sociable

0.859

30

3.74

1.67

Trustworthiness

0.869

30

3.87

1.70

Unhappiness

0.767

30

3.49

1.64

Weirdness

0.923

30

3.93

1.85