Figure 6

Principal component analysis for untargeted metabolomic tests using trabecular bone (TB) from different human skeletal elements. Score plots for metabolites extracted and measured through HF-UPLC-IM-TOF-HRMS from trabecular bone from first and second metatarsals, and ribs of disarticulated human osteoarchaeological remains. Data matrices were subject to data cleaning, normalized, transformed, and scaled (see Materials and Methods section). (A) Polar metabolites (HILIC, ESI negative mode), N = 27, 471 variables; (B) Polar metabolites (HILIC, ESI positive mode), N = 27, 1395 variables; (C) Less-polar/apolar metabolites (C18, ESI negative mode), N = 27, 243 variables; (D) Less-polar/apolar metabolites (C18, ESI positive mode), N = 34, 312 variables. Ellipses indicate 95% of confidence for each group. The explained variances of selected principal components are shown in brackets. Observations are coloured according to each skeletal element: 1st metatarsals, yellow; 2nd metatarsals, blue; rib, brown.