Table 2 Bivariate and multivariable analysis of socio-demographic and clinical variables of typhoid fever suspected patients at Gaint and Meket Shediho primary hospitals, Ethiopia, 2021.
From: Rapid stool antigenic test for typhoid fever among suspected cases, Northeast, Ethiopia
Characteristics (n = 255) | Typhoid fever positive, No (%) | Typhoid fever negative, No (%) | COR (95% CI) | P-value | AOR (95% CI) | P- value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | ||||||
 10–24 | 3 (7.7%) | 35 (16.2%) | 0.13 (0.02, 0.73) | 0.02 | 0.48 (0.03, 8.05) | 0.45 |
 25–39 | 16 (41.0%) | 107 (49.5%) | 0.22 (0.06, 0.88) | 0.032 | 0.27 (0.03, 2.06) | |
40–54 | 16 (41.0%) | 68 (31.5%) | 0.35 (0.09, 1.40) | 0.138 | 0.26 (0.04, 1.65) | |
 ≥ 55 | 4 (10.3%) | 6 (2.8%) | 1 |  |  | |
Residence | ||||||
 Rural | 33 (84.6%) | 126 (58.3%) | 3.97 (1.58, 9.77) | 0.003 |  |  |
 Urban | 6 (15.4%) | 90 (41.7%) | 1 |  |  |  |
Educational status | ||||||
 No formal education | 25 (64.1%) | 86 (39.8%) | 5.72 (1.65, 19.81) | 0.006 |  | 0.56 |
 Primary | 11 (28.2%) | 71 (32.9%) | 3.05 (0.81, 11.43) | 0.03 |  | |
 Secondary and above | 3 (7.7%) | 59 (27.3%) | 1 |  |  | |
Family size | ||||||
 < 4 | 15 (33.3%) | 136 (63%) | 1 |  |  |  |
 ≥ 4 | 24 (66.7%) | 80 (37%) | 2.72 (1.35, 5.49) | 0.005 |  |  |
Water source | ||||||
 Stream | 34 (87.2%) | 12, 658.3%) | 4.86 (1.83, 12.90) | 0.001 |  |  |
 Tap | 5 (12.8%) | 90 (41.7%) | 1 |  |  |  |
Washing hands before meal | ||||||
 Yes | 19 (48.7%) | 161 (74.5%) | 1 |  |  |  |
 No | 20 (51.3%) | 53 (24.5%) | 3.24 (1.61, 6.52) | 0.001 |  |  |
Handwashing basin | ||||||
 Yes | 1 (2.3%) | 2712.5%) | 1 |  |  |  |
 No | 38 (97.4%) | 189 (87.5%) | 5.43 (0.72, 41.2) | 0.102 |  |  |
Washing with soap | ||||||
 Yes | 2 (5.1%) | 3 (1.4%) | 1 |  |  |  |
 No | 37 (94.9%) | 213 (98.6%) | 0.26 (0.04, 1.61) | 0.15 | 0.018 (0.0, 0.96) | 0.048 |
Latrine availability | ||||||
 Yes | 32 (82.1%) | 207 (95.8%) | 5.03 (1.75, 14.56) | 0.003 |  |  |
 No | 7 (17.9%) | 9 (4.2%) | 1 |  |  |  |
Habit of eating undercooked vegetables | ||||||
 Yes | 36 (92.3%) | 175 (81%) | 2.81 (0.83, 9.58) | 0.098 |  |  |
 No | 3 (7.7%) | 41 (19%) | 1 |  |  |  |
History of typhoid fever | ||||||
 Yes | 37 (94.9%) | 137 (63.4%) | 10.67 (2.5, 45.5) | 0.001 | 10.94 (2.3, 52.9) | 0.003 |
 No | 2 (5.1%) | 79 (36.6%) | 1 |  |  |  |
History of hospitalization | ||||||
 Yes | 25 (64.1%) | 94 (43.5%) | 2.32 (1.14, 4.70) | 0.02 | 2.83 (1.09, 7.37) | 0.033 |
 No | 14 (35.9%) | 122 (56.5%) | 1 |  |  |  |
History of chronic underlying disease | ||||||
 Yes | 5 (12.8%) | 9 (4.2%) | 3.38 (1.07, 10.70) | 0.038 | 6.22 (1.13, 34.18) | 0.035 |
 No | 34 (87.2%) | 207 (95.8%) | 1 |  |  |  |
Habit of trimming nail | ||||||
 Yes | 5 (12.8%) | 77 (35.6%) | 1 |  |  |  |
 No | 34 (87.2%) | 139 (64.4%) | 3.77 (1.42, 10.03) | 0.008 | 3.60 (0.56, 23.35) | 0.179 |
