Table 5 PM_2.5 and NO₂ Sen slope, Mann Kendal and Forecast of the monitoring stations in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan.

From: Spatiotemporal distribution, trend, forecast, and influencing factors of transboundary and local air pollutants in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan

Location	Seasonal Sen slope	Correlated seasonal Mann-Kendal	MAPE trend STL	ADF test	Models	MAPE	RMSE
Daitou_PM_2.5	− 1.278	0.001	0.1321	0.01	ETS(M,A,M)	15.1101	1.8093
Isahaya_PM_2.5	− 0.697	0.012	0.1820	0.01	ARIMA(1,1,1)(2,0,0)[12]	16.6838	2.2761
Shimabara_PM_2.5	− 0.626	0.151	0.1413	0.01	Holt-Winters' additive method	23.5660	2.7902
Oomura_PM_2.5	− 0.557	0.178	0.1515	0.04	ETS(M,A,A)	22.0190	2.4334
Kawadana_PM_2.5	− 0.467	0.204	0.1516	0.03	ARIMA(1,0,1) with non-zero mean	23.9933	2.4873
Togitsue_PM_2.5	− 0.581	0.081	0.1360	0.01	Holt-Winters' additive method	21.0916	2.3016
Yukiura_PM_2.5	− 0.574	0.045	0.1334	0.01	ETS(M,Ad,A)	21.9601	2.2308
Matsuura Shisamachi_PM_2.5	− 0.605	0.188	0.1602	0.02	ARIMA(2,0,0)(0,0,1)[12] with non-zero mean	18.1827	2.0515
Tsushima_PM_2.5	− 0.581	0.168	0.1701	0.01	ARIMA(0,1,1)(2,1,0)[12]	12.6324	1.5047
Iki_PM_2.5	− 0.718	0.005	0.1547	0.01	ARIMA(0,0,0)(2,1,0)[12] with drift	19.8552	2.5151
Goto_PM_2.5	− 0.429	0.014	0.1470	0.01	Holt-Winters' additive method	18.1000	2.2244
Obama_PM_2.5	− 0.542	0.064	0.1347	0.02	ARIMA(0,1,1)(1,0,0)[12]	17.3931	1.7036
Kogakura_PM_2.5	− 1.014	0.001	0.1138	0.01	Holt-Winters' additive method	12.5448	1.7062
Inasa_PM_2.5	− 0.824	0.003	0.1173	0.01	ARIMA(1,1,1)(1,0,0)[12]	15.9630	1.9276
Muramatsu_PM_2.5	− 0.865	0.002	0.1227	0.01	ETS(M,Ad,A)	14.2451	1.6485
Higashi Nagasaki_PM_2.5	− 0.833	0.003	0.1108	0.01	Holt-Winters' additive method	11.9808	1.5653
Fukuishi_Jihai_PM_2.5	− 1.178	0.002	0.1400	0.01	ETS(M,A,M)	14.8669	1.8090
Yoshii_PM_2.5	− 0.559	0.003	0.1414	0.01	ETS(M,A,A)	26.5897	2.5581
Daitou_NO₂	− 0.414	0.003	0.2773	0.01	ETS(A,A,A)	8.6719	0.7435
Isahaya_NO₂	− 0.218	0.028	0.4277	0.01	Holt-Winters' additive method	34.2538	1.3374
Shimabara_NO₂	− 0.162	0.032	0.1629	0.01	Holt-Winters' additive method	30.5764	1.4037
Oomura_NO₂	− 0.262	0.043	0.2977	0.01	ETS(A,A,A)	15.8421	0.8721
Kawadana_NO₂	− 0.179	0.006	0.3297	0.01	ARIMA(1,0,0)(2,1,1)[12] with drift	8.6144	0.4449
Togitsue_NO₂	− 0.194	0.007	0.3879	0.01	ARIMA(0,0,0)(0,1,1)[12] with drift	13.2104	0.8717
Yukiura_NO₂	− 0.016	0.332	0.1968	0.01	ARIMA(0,0,1)(2,1,0)[12]	20.5383	0.4300
Matsuura Shisamachi_NO₂	− 0.123	0.026	0.2012	0.01	Holt-Winters' additive method	16.8278	0.5062
Tsushima_NO₂	− 0.032	0.394	0.3543	0.01	Holt-Winters' additive method	10.1772	0.4442
Iki_NO₂	− 0.035	0.633	0.2060	0.01	Holt-Winters' additive method	43.7718	1.3767
Goto_NO₂	− 0.250	0.034	0.2290	0.01	Holt-Winters' additive method	26.8487	0.6317
Obama_NO₂	− 0.085	0.060	0.2679	0.01	ARIMA(1,0,0)(2,1,0)[12]	32.7484	0.6606
Kogakura_NO₂	− 0.488	0.002	0.2506	0.01	ARIMA(1,0,0)(2,1,0)[12] with drift	21.6239	1.4213
Inasa_NO₂	− 0.247	0.004	0.2993	0.01	ETS(A,A,A)	14.3113	0.8219
Muramatsu_NO₂	− 0.145	0.296	0.2812	0.01	ARIMA(0,1,0)(0,1,2)[12]	21.0657	0.9726
Higashi Nagasaki_NO₂	− 0.501	0.003	0.2849	0.01	ARIMA(0,1,1)(0,1,1)[12]	10.7545	0.6807
Fukuishi_Jihai_NO₂	− 0.776	0.002	0.1526	0.01	ETS(M,A,M)	7.8342	1.2311
Yoshii_NO₂	− 0.242	0.002	0.2727	0.01	ETS(A,A,A)	13.5204	0.3613

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Table 5 PM_2.5 and NO₂ Sen slope, Mann Kendal and Forecast of the monitoring stations in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan.

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