Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Synergy of ruthenium metallo-intercalator, [Ru(dppz)2(PIP)]2+, with PARP inhibitor Olaparib in non-small cell lung cancer cells

Figure 4

Ru-PIP and Olaparib combination induces DNA damage. (a) Left, γH2AX levels upon treatment with Ru-PIP (25 µM), Olaparib (5 µM) or both for 24 h in A549 cells, determined by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis. Right, the percentage of γH2AX positive cells in each population was determined by gating of histograms derived from single-stained cells, as in part a. (b) Evaluation of DNA damages upon treatment with Ru-PIP (25 µM), Olaparib (5 µM) or both for 24 h by comet assay. Bar graphs showing the DNA tail percentage (%) in A549 cells, which was used as the parameter for DNA damages. (c) Left, histograms showing the fluorescence intensities of 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) upon treatments, as measured by flow cytometry. Right, the ROS levels in A549 cells upon treated with Ru-PIP (25 µM), Olaparib (5 µM) or both for 24 h. Mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 by ANOVA.

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